Metaxia Tampourlou1,2,3, Georgia Ntali4, Shahzada Ahmed5, Wiebke Arlt1,2,3, John Ayuk2,3, James V Byrne6, Swarupsinh Chavda7, Simon Cudlip8, Neil Gittoes1,2,3, Ashley Grossman4, Rosalind Mitchell9, Michael W O'Reilly1,2,3, Alessandro Paluzzi9, Andrew Toogood2,3, John A H Wass4, Niki Karavitaki1,2,3. 1. Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham B15 2TT, Birmingham, United Kingdom. 2. Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom. 3. Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom. 4. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom. 5. Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom. 6. Department of Neuroradiology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. 7. Department of Radiology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom. 8. Department of Neurosurgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. 9. Department of Neurosurgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom.
Abstract
Context: Despite the major risk of regrowth of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (CNFAs) after primary treatment, systematic data on the probability of further tumor progression and the effectiveness of management approaches are lacking. Objective: To assess the probability of further regrowth(s), predictive factors, and outcomes of management approaches in patients with CNFA diagnosed with adenoma regrowth after primary treatment. Patients, Design, and Setting: Retrospective cohort study of 237 patients with regrown CNFA managed in two UK centers. Results: Median follow-up was 5.9 years (range, 0.4 to 37.7 years). The 5-year second regrowth rate was 35.3% (36.2% after surgery; 12.5% after radiotherapy; 12.7% after surgery combined with radiotherapy; 63.4% with monitoring). Of those managed with monitoring, 34.8% eventually were offered intervention. Type of management and sex were risk factors for second regrowth. Among those with second adenoma regrowth, the 5-year third regrowth rate was 26.4% (24.4% after surgery; 0% after radiotherapy; 0% after surgery combined with radiotherapy; 48.3% with monitoring). Overall, patients with a CNFA regrowth had a 4.4% probability of a third regrowth at 5 years and a 10.0% probability at 10 years; type of management of the first regrowth was the only risk factor. Malignant transformation was diagnosed in two patients. Conclusions: Patients with regrown CNFA after primary treatment continue to carry considerable risk of tumor progression, necessitating long-term follow-up. Management approach to the regrowth was the major factor determining this risk; monitoring had >60% risk of progression at 5 years, and a substantial number of patients ultimately required intervention.
Context: Despite the major risk of regrowth of clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (CNFAs) after primary treatment, systematic data on the probability of further tumor progression and the effectiveness of management approaches are lacking. Objective: To assess the probability of further regrowth(s), predictive factors, and outcomes of management approaches in patients with CNFA diagnosed with adenoma regrowth after primary treatment. Patients, Design, and Setting: Retrospective cohort study of 237 patients with regrown CNFA managed in two UK centers. Results: Median follow-up was 5.9 years (range, 0.4 to 37.7 years). The 5-year second regrowth rate was 35.3% (36.2% after surgery; 12.5% after radiotherapy; 12.7% after surgery combined with radiotherapy; 63.4% with monitoring). Of those managed with monitoring, 34.8% eventually were offered intervention. Type of management and sex were risk factors for second regrowth. Among those with second adenoma regrowth, the 5-year third regrowth rate was 26.4% (24.4% after surgery; 0% after radiotherapy; 0% after surgery combined with radiotherapy; 48.3% with monitoring). Overall, patients with a CNFA regrowth had a 4.4% probability of a third regrowth at 5 years and a 10.0% probability at 10 years; type of management of the first regrowth was the only risk factor. Malignant transformation was diagnosed in two patients. Conclusions: Patients with regrown CNFA after primary treatment continue to carry considerable risk of tumor progression, necessitating long-term follow-up. Management approach to the regrowth was the major factor determining this risk; monitoring had >60% risk of progression at 5 years, and a substantial number of patients ultimately required intervention.
Authors: Ashley B Grossman; Shereen Ezzat; Sylvia L Asa; Ozgur Mete; Michael D Cusimano; Ian E McCutcheon; Arie Perry; Shozo Yamada; Hiroshi Nishioka; Olivera Casar-Borota; Silvia Uccella; Stefano La Rosa Journal: Mod Pathol Date: 2021-05-21 Impact factor: 7.842
Authors: M E Torregrosa-Quesada; A García-Martínez; A Sánchez-Barbie; S Silva-Ortega; R Cámara; C Fajardo; C Lamas; I Aranda; A Pico Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2021-01-21 Impact factor: 4.256