Geraldine Zamora-Racaza1,2, Desiree R Azizoddin3, Mariko L Ishimori1, Sarah R Ormseth4, Daniel J Wallace1, Ester G Penserga2, Lekeisha Sumner5, Julia Ayeroff6, Taylor Draper3, Perry M Nicassio7, Michael H Weisman1. 1. Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA. 2. Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines. 3. Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA. 5. Department of Psychology, Alliant University, Alhambra, California, USA. 6. Post-baccalaureate Premedical Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 7. Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Abstract
AIM: To examine the relationship between reserve capacity measures and anxiety/depression among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from Southern California (SoCal), United States and Manila, Philippines. METHODS: A total of 235 participants with SLE completed self-reported scales to assess anxiety/depression and psychosocial reserve capacity measures (self-esteem, optimism, personal mastery/coping skills, social support), socioeconomic status (SES) data, and Mexican SLE Disease Activity Index. Statistical analyses included independent sample t-tests, Chi-square, and point-biserial and Pearson correlations. RESULTS: Overall, participants from Manila reported lower SES than SoCal participants. Over half of Manila and SoCal participants (69% and 59.1%, respectively) reported high anxiety scores. SoCal participants had higher depression scores than Filipinos (66%, 27%, respectively, P < 0.001) despite appearing to be more resilient by exhibiting higher scores for all reserve capacity measures (P < 0.001). Participants with low self-esteem scores from both groups had higher anxiety and depression scores. SoCal participants who reported lower optimism, lower personal mastery and lower social support were more anxious and depressed, while Filipinos low on these three variables reported less depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: Reduced psychosocial reserve capacity in individuals leads to vulnerabilities that may ultimately result in greater disease burden and psychological distress. Low self-esteem, optimism, coping and social support were associated with depression and low self-esteem was associated with anxiety for both groups. Despite the Filipino cohort's lower reserve capacity and SES, Filipino patients exhibited less depression than their SoCal counterparts, suggesting that other factors may protect them from experiencing depression.
AIM: To examine the relationship between reserve capacity measures and anxiety/depression among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from Southern California (SoCal), United States and Manila, Philippines. METHODS: A total of 235 participants with SLE completed self-reported scales to assess anxiety/depression and psychosocial reserve capacity measures (self-esteem, optimism, personal mastery/coping skills, social support), socioeconomic status (SES) data, and Mexican SLE Disease Activity Index. Statistical analyses included independent sample t-tests, Chi-square, and point-biserial and Pearson correlations. RESULTS: Overall, participants from Manila reported lower SES than SoCal participants. Over half of Manila and SoCal participants (69% and 59.1%, respectively) reported high anxiety scores. SoCal participants had higher depression scores than Filipinos (66%, 27%, respectively, P < 0.001) despite appearing to be more resilient by exhibiting higher scores for all reserve capacity measures (P < 0.001). Participants with low self-esteem scores from both groups had higher anxiety and depression scores. SoCal participants who reported lower optimism, lower personal mastery and lower social support were more anxious and depressed, while Filipinos low on these three variables reported less depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: Reduced psychosocial reserve capacity in individuals leads to vulnerabilities that may ultimately result in greater disease burden and psychological distress. Low self-esteem, optimism, coping and social support were associated with depression and low self-esteem was associated with anxiety for both groups. Despite the Filipino cohort's lower reserve capacity and SES, Filipino patients exhibited less depression than their SoCal counterparts, suggesting that other factors may protect them from experiencing depression.
Authors: Raeanne C Moore; Mariam A Hussain; Caitlin W-M Watson; Pariya L Fazeli; María J Marquine; Brandon C Yarns; Dilip V Jeste; David J Moore Journal: AIDS Behav Date: 2018-10
Authors: Margarida Figueiredo-Braga; Caleb Cornaby; Alice Cortez; Miguel Bernardes; Georgina Terroso; Marta Figueiredo; Cristina Dos Santos Mesquita; Lúcia Costa; Brian D Poole Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2018-07 Impact factor: 1.889