| Literature DB >> 28250886 |
Somnoma Jean-Baptiste Tougouma1, Senkaye-Lagom Aimé Kissou2, Aimé Arsène Yaméogo1, Nobila Valentin Yaméogo3, Aimé Bama4, Makoura Barro1, Arsène Héma5, Larissa Kaguembèga3, Boubacar Nacro6.
Abstract
Children's heart diseases in Africa represent a public health problem that is difficult to cope with due to young population density, low socioeconomic status and lack of suitable technical platforms. This study aims to highlight the echocardiographic and therapeutic aspects of cardiopathies in children hospitalized at the pediatric department of the University Hospital Souro Sanou, Bobo-Dioulasso. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over the period January 2013-December 2014 (24 months). It was based on a literature review of echocardiography reports performed on children under 15 years of age in the echocardiography laboratory of CHUSS and of medical records of their therapeutic follow-up. During the study period, 184 echocardiographic examinations were performed and allowed identification of 93 cases of children with heart disease (50.50% of cases). Among them, 71% (66/93) of cases with congenital cardiopathies were distinguished and 29% (27/93) of acquired cardiopathies. The most common congenital heart diseases were: IVC (27.2%), IAC (10.6%), AVC (7.5%), F4T (9.1%), CAT (6%), related forms ( 15%). Acquired heart diseases were dominated by rheumatic valve diseases (48%), hypokinetic dilated cardiomyopathy (33.3%) and pericardial tamponade (18.5%). Surgery was recommended in 53.7% (50/93) of cases, of whom 86% (43/50) with congenital heart diseases and 14% (7/50) with acquired heart diseases. 21% (9/43) of patients with congenital heart diseases underwent cardiac surgery. No acquired heart disease requiring surgery was surgically treated. Cardiopathies in children are frequent in Bobo-Dioulasso. Multidisciplinary strategies associated with resource optimization should improve the management of these cardiopathies.Entities:
Keywords: Bobo-Dioulasso; Congenital heart diseases; acquired heart diseases
Mesh:
Year: 2016 PMID: 28250886 PMCID: PMC5321158 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.25.62.9508
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pan Afr Med J
Distribution des indications de l’échocardiographie de 184 enfants reçus dans le laboratoire d’échocardiographie du CHUSS de Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso), 2013-2014
| Motifs de demande | Fréquence | Pourcentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Souffle cardiaque | 90 | 32,14 |
| Dyspnée | 60 | 21,43 |
| Cardiomégalie radiologique | 52 | 18,57 |
| Dépistage | 32 | 11,43 |
| Toux | 19 | 6,79 |
| Cyanose | 10 | 3,57 |
| Retard de croissance | 6 | 2,15 |
| Insuffisance cardiaque | 4 | 1,43 |
| Détresse respiratoire | 3 | 1,07 |
| Douleurs thoraciques | 2 | 0,71 |
| Syndrome polymalformatif | 2 | 0,71 |
Typologie des cardiopathies congénitales diagnostiquées à l’échocardiographie au CHUSS de Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso), 2013-2014
| Type de cardiopathie congénitale | Effectif | Pourcentage |
|---|---|---|
| CIV | 18 | 27,2% |
| T4F | 6 | 9,1% |
| TAC | 4 | 6% |
| CAV complet | 5 | 7,5% |
| CIA ostium secondum | 7 | 10,6% |
| Laubry et Pezzi | 3 | 4,5% |
| CIV+PCA | 1 | 1,5% |
| CIV+ membrane supra pulmonaire | 1 | 1,5% |
| CIV +Membrane sous aortique sténosante | 1 | 1,5% |
| Laubry et Pezzi+ Membrane sous aortique sténosante | 1 | 1,5% |
| Laubry et Pezzi+ Membrane sous aortique sténosante+ PCA | 1 | 1,5% |
| CIV+Atrésie tricuspide+ Oreillette Unique | 1 | 1,5% |
| Coarctation aorte +CMD hypokinétique | 2 | 3% |
| CIA+ Sténose valvulaire pulmonaire | 1 | 1,5% |
| VDDI corrigé+ Sténose sous aortique très serrée+ PCA | 1 | 1,5% |
| CAV complet + PCA | 1 | 1,5% |
| CAV complet+ sténose étage AP | 1 | 1,5% |
| VU | 1 | 1,5% |
| ASIA+FOP | 2 | 3% |
| HTAP primitive | 5 | 7,5% |
| Floppy valve | 1 | 1,5% |
| CMH | 1 | 1,5% |
| Rétrécissement sous aortique | 1 | 1,5% |
Répartition des entités nosologiques en fonction du sexe au CHUSS de Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso), 2013-2014
| Type de cardiopathie | Sexe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculin | Féminin | Total | |
| CIV | 18 | 9 | 27 |
| Type 1 | 5 | 0 | |
| Type 2a | 2 | 5 | |
| Type 2b | 10 | 4 | |
| Type 3 | 1 | 0 | |
| T4F | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| TAC | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| CAV complet | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Atrésie tricuspide à SIA ouvert | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| CIA ostium secondum | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| Coarctation aorte | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| IM congénitale | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| VDDI | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| TGV corrigée | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| PCA | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| RVPA partiel | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Membrane sous aortique sténosante | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Rétrécissement supra aortique | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Rétrécissement sous aortique | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Membrane supra pulmonaire sténosante | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Ventricule Unique | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Laubry et Pezzi | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Sténose pulmonaire étagée | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Sténose valvulaire pulmonaire | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| HTAP primitive | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| Oreillette Unique | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| CMH | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Répartition des différents types de cardiopathies congénitales en fonction la tranche d’âge au CHUSS de Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso), 2013-2014
| Tranche d’âge (mois) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type de cardiopathie | <1 | [1-30] | 30-60] | >60 | Total |
| CIV | 0 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 18 |
| CIA | 0 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 7 |
| T4F | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 6 |
| TAC | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| CAV | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| Laubry et Pezzi | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| Coarctation aorte | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| HTAP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| ASIA+FOP | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| CIV+PCA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| CIV+ sténose pulmonaire | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| CIV + Membrane sous aortique sténosante | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Laubry et Pezzi+ Membrane sous aortique + PCA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Laubry et Pezzi+ Membrane sous aortique sténosante | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Atrésie tricuspide +CIV + Oreillette unique | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| CIA + RP | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| VDDI corrigé+ Sténose sous aortique + PCA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| CAV+PCA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| CAV + sténose pulmonaire étagée | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| VU | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| CMH | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Rétrécissement aortique | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Floppy Valve | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Répartition des cardiopathies acquises selon le sexe au CHUSS de Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso), 2013-2014
| Type de cardiopathie | Sexe | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Masculin | Féminin | Effectif | Pourcentage | |
| IM rhumatismale | 4 | 4 | 8 | 29,6% |
| IA rhumatismale | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3,7% |
| IT | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3,7% |
| Maladie Mitrale | 2 | 0 | 2 | 7,4% |
| RM acquis | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3,7% |
| CMD hypokinétique | 5 | 4 | 9 | 33,3% |
| Tamponnade péricardique | 4 | 1 | 5 | 18,5% |