Regulation of inflammation by β-arrestins: Not just receptor tales.

The ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional scaffolding proteins β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 each affect inflammatory signaling in a variety of cell lines. In addition to binding the carboxyl-terminal tails of innumerable 7-transmembrane receptors, β-arrestins scaffold untold numbers of other plasma membrane and cytoplasmic proteins. Consequently, the effects of β-arrestins on inflammatory signaling are diverse, and context-specific. This review highlights the roles of β-arrestins in regulating canonical activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NFκB.