Cécile Vors1, Janie Allaire1, Johanne Marin1, Marie-Claude Lépine1, Amélie Charest1, André Tchernof2, Patrick Couture3, Benoît Lamarche4. 1. Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Pavillon des Services, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. 2. Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Pavillon des Services, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Institut universitaire de cardiologique et de pneumologie du Québec (IUCPQ), Québec, Canada. 3. Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Pavillon des Services, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. 4. Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Pavillon des Services, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. Electronic address: benoit.lamarche@fsaa.ulaval.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Whether EPA and DHA exert similar anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of gene expression in immune cells remains unclear. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of EPA and DHA supplementation on inflammatory gene expression in subjects at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS: In this randomized double-blind crossover trial, 154 men and women with abdominal obesity and low-grade inflammation were subjected to three 10-wk supplementation phases: 1) EPA (2.7 g/d); 2) DHA (2.7 g/d); 3) corn oil (3 g/d), separated by a 9-wk washout. Pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression was assessed in whole blood cells by RT-qPCR after each treatment in a representative sample of 44 participants. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between EPA and DHA in the expression of any of the genes investigated. Compared with control, EPA enhanced TRAF3 and PPARA expression and lowered CD14 expression (p < 0.01) whereas DHA increased expression of PPARA and TNFA and decreased CD14 expression (p < 0.05). Variations in gene expression after EPA and after DHA were strongly correlated for PPARA (r = 0.73, p < 0.0001) and TRAF3 (r = 0.66, p < 0.0001) and less for TNFA (r = 0.46, p < 0.005) and CD14 (r = 0.16, p = 0.30). CONCLUSIONS: High-dose supplementation with either EPA or DHA has similar effects on the expression of many inflammation-related genes in immune cells of men and women at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. The effects of EPA and of DHA on anti-inflammatory gene expression may be more consistent than their effects on expression of pro-inflammatory genes in whole blood cells.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Whether EPA and DHA exert similar anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of gene expression in immune cells remains unclear. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of EPA and DHA supplementation on inflammatory gene expression in subjects at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. METHODS: In this randomized double-blind crossover trial, 154 men and women with abdominal obesity and low-grade inflammation were subjected to three 10-wk supplementation phases: 1) EPA (2.7 g/d); 2) DHA (2.7 g/d); 3) corn oil (3 g/d), separated by a 9-wk washout. Pro- and anti-inflammatory gene expression was assessed in whole blood cells by RT-qPCR after each treatment in a representative sample of 44 participants. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed between EPA and DHA in the expression of any of the genes investigated. Compared with control, EPA enhanced TRAF3 and PPARA expression and lowered CD14 expression (p < 0.01) whereas DHA increased expression of PPARA and TNFA and decreased CD14 expression (p < 0.05). Variations in gene expression after EPA and after DHA were strongly correlated for PPARA (r = 0.73, p < 0.0001) and TRAF3 (r = 0.66, p < 0.0001) and less for TNFA (r = 0.46, p < 0.005) and CD14 (r = 0.16, p = 0.30). CONCLUSIONS: High-dose supplementation with either EPA or DHA has similar effects on the expression of many inflammation-related genes in immune cells of men and women at risk for cardiometabolic diseases. The effects of EPA and of DHA on anti-inflammatory gene expression may be more consistent than their effects on expression of pro-inflammatory genes in whole blood cells.
Authors: Jeewon Garcia-So; Xinwen Zhang; Xiaohua Yang; Mara Roxana Rubinstein; De Yu Mao; Jan Kitajewski; Kang Liu; Yiping W Han Journal: JCI Insight Date: 2019-02-07
Authors: Denisa Margină; Anca Ungurianu; Carmen Purdel; George Mihai Nițulescu; Dimitris Tsoukalas; Evangelia Sarandi; Maria Thanasoula; Tatyana I Burykina; Fotis Tekos; Aleksandra Buha; Dragana Nikitovic; Demetrios Kouretas; Aristidis Michael Tsatsakis Journal: Food Chem Toxicol Date: 2020-07-05 Impact factor: 6.023