Eun-Jung Rhee1, Christopher D Byrne, Ki-Chul Sung. 1. aDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea bEndocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK cDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In multiple studies, the HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration has been shown to be inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk. Based on this observation, increasing the plasma HDL-C concentration is thought to be a desirable strategy, in the 21st century, for decreasing the burden of CVD. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have shown that powerful HDL-C concentration-increasing drugs are ineffective for decreasing CVD. Increasing evidence now shows that HDL is an unstable and heterogeneous particle, and that 'HDL particle functionality' is far more important in atheroprotection than is the HDL-C level, alone. Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is the major protein component of HDL, and increasing evidence suggests that the ratio of HDL-C to apoA-I may give additional insight as a risk marker not just for CVD but also for all-cause and cancer mortality. SUMMARY: In this review, we discuss the importance of HDL composition, apoA-I levels, and the HDL-C/apoA-I ratio for predicting CVD and mortality outcomes.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In multiple studies, the HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration has been shown to be inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk. Based on this observation, increasing the plasma HDL-C concentration is thought to be a desirable strategy, in the 21st century, for decreasing the burden of CVD. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent studies have shown that powerful HDL-C concentration-increasing drugs are ineffective for decreasing CVD. Increasing evidence now shows that HDL is an unstable and heterogeneous particle, and that 'HDL particle functionality' is far more important in atheroprotection than is the HDL-C level, alone. Apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) is the major protein component of HDL, and increasing evidence suggests that the ratio of HDL-C to apoA-I may give additional insight as a risk marker not just for CVD but also for all-cause and cancer mortality. SUMMARY: In this review, we discuss the importance of HDL composition, apoA-I levels, and the HDL-C/apoA-I ratio for predicting CVD and mortality outcomes.
Authors: Romina Fornes; Manuel Maliqueo; Min Hu; Laila Hadi; Juan M Jimenez-Andrade; Kerstin Ebefors; Jenny Nyström; Fernand Labrie; Thomas Jansson; Anna Benrick; Elisabet Stener-Victorin Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-08-14 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Violeta G Trusca; Madalina Dumitrescu; Ioana M Fenyo; Irina F Tudorache; Maya Simionescu; Anca V Gafencu Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2019-12-12 Impact factor: 5.923