Andreas M Hötker1,2, Yousef Mazaheri3, Andreas Wibmer1, Christoph A Karlo1, Junting Zheng4, Chaya S Moskowitz4, Satish K Tickoo5, Paul Russo6, Hedvig Hricak1, Oguz Akin1. 1. 1 Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065. 2. 2 Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Germany. 3. 3 Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. 4. 4 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. 5. 5 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY. 6. 6 Department of Surgery, Urology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative multiparametric MRI approach to differentiating clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from other renal cortical tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 119 patients with 124 histopathologically confirmed renal cortical tumors who underwent preoperative MRI including DWI, contrast-enhanced, and chemical-shift sequences before nephrectomy. Two radiologists independently assessed each tumor volumetrically, and apparent diffusion coefficient values, parameters from multiphasic contrast-enhanced MRI (peak enhancement, upslope, downslope, AUC), and chemical-shift indexes were calculated. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify parameters associated with clear cell RCC. RESULTS: Interreader agreement was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.815-0.994). The parameters apparent diffusion coefficient (reader 1 AUC, 0.804; reader 2, 0.807), peak enhancement (reader 1 AUC, 0.629; reader 2, 0.606), and downslope (reader 1 AUC, 0.575; reader 2, 0.561) were significantly associated with discriminating clear cell RCC from other renal cortical tumors. The combination of all three parameters further increased diagnostic accuracy (reader 1 AUC, 0.889; reader 2, 0.907; both p ≤ 0.001), yielding sensitivities of 0.897 for reader 1 and 0.897 for reader 2, and specificities of 0.762 for reader 1 and 0.738 for reader 2 in the identification of clear cell RCC. With maximized sensitivity, specificities of 0.429 and 0.262 were reached for readers 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSION: A quantitative multiparametric approach statistically significantly improves diagnostic performance in differentiating clear cell RCC from other renal cortical tumors.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative multiparametric MRI approach to differentiating clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from other renal cortical tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 119 patients with 124 histopathologically confirmed renal cortical tumors who underwent preoperative MRI including DWI, contrast-enhanced, and chemical-shift sequences before nephrectomy. Two radiologists independently assessed each tumor volumetrically, and apparent diffusion coefficient values, parameters from multiphasic contrast-enhanced MRI (peak enhancement, upslope, downslope, AUC), and chemical-shift indexes were calculated. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify parameters associated with clear cell RCC. RESULTS: Interreader agreement was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.815-0.994). The parameters apparent diffusion coefficient (reader 1 AUC, 0.804; reader 2, 0.807), peak enhancement (reader 1 AUC, 0.629; reader 2, 0.606), and downslope (reader 1 AUC, 0.575; reader 2, 0.561) were significantly associated with discriminating clear cell RCC from other renal cortical tumors. The combination of all three parameters further increased diagnostic accuracy (reader 1 AUC, 0.889; reader 2, 0.907; both p ≤ 0.001), yielding sensitivities of 0.897 for reader 1 and 0.897 for reader 2, and specificities of 0.762 for reader 1 and 0.738 for reader 2 in the identification of clear cell RCC. With maximized sensitivity, specificities of 0.429 and 0.262 were reached for readers 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSION: A quantitative multiparametric approach statistically significantly improves diagnostic performance in differentiating clear cell RCC from other renal cortical tumors.
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