Peter J Hu1, Sylvia H Ley2,3,4, Shilpa N Bhupathiraju2,3,4, Yanping Li2, Dong D Wang5,3. 1. Cornell University College of Human Ecology, Ithaca, NY. 2. Departments of Nutrition and. 3. Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; and. 4. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 5. Departments of Nutrition and dow471@mail.harvard.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although a high prevalence of anemia and related disease burden have been documented in China, limited evidence is available on the current population-level iron status and risk factors for iron imbalance. OBJECTIVE: We explored the associations of dietary, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors with iron status in Chinese adults. DESIGN: Our study population consisted of 7672 adults aged 18-65 y from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Diet was assessed with the use of 3 consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Serum ferritin, serum transferrin receptor, and hemoglobin concentrations were measured. RESULTS: The geometric means ± SDs for ferritin concentrations were 135.9 ± 2.7 ng/mL in men and 42.7 ± 3.1 ng/mL in women. After adjustment for potential risk factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration, the association between age and ferritin concentration was inverse in men (P-trend < 0.001) and positive in women (P-trend < 0.001). We observed a positive association between body mass index (in kg/m2) and ferritin concentration in both men and women (both P-trends < 0.001). Dietary phytate intake was inversely associated with ferritin concentration in men (P-trend = 0.002) but not in women. Red meat consumption was positively associated with ferritin concentration both in men (P-trend = 0.002) and in older women (P-trend = 0.009). Lower intakes of grains and higher intakes of pork and poultry were associated with higher ferritin concentrations (all P-trends ≤ 0.05) in men but not in women. We observed variations in ferritin concentrations across different geographic regions (both P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Serum ferritin concentrations varied across different sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors in this Chinese population. A higher intake of red meat was associated with higher ferritin concentrations in men and older women.
BACKGROUND: Although a high prevalence of anemia and related disease burden have been documented in China, limited evidence is available on the current population-level iron status and risk factors for iron imbalance. OBJECTIVE: We explored the associations of dietary, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors with iron status in Chinese adults. DESIGN: Our study population consisted of 7672 adults aged 18-65 y from the 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Diet was assessed with the use of 3 consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Serum ferritin, serum transferrin receptor, and hemoglobin concentrations were measured. RESULTS: The geometric means ± SDs for ferritin concentrations were 135.9 ± 2.7 ng/mL in men and 42.7 ± 3.1 ng/mL in women. After adjustment for potential risk factors, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration, the association between age and ferritin concentration was inverse in men (P-trend < 0.001) and positive in women (P-trend < 0.001). We observed a positive association between body mass index (in kg/m2) and ferritin concentration in both men and women (both P-trends < 0.001). Dietary phytate intake was inversely associated with ferritin concentration in men (P-trend = 0.002) but not in women. Red meat consumption was positively associated with ferritin concentration both in men (P-trend = 0.002) and in older women (P-trend = 0.009). Lower intakes of grains and higher intakes of pork and poultry were associated with higher ferritin concentrations (all P-trends ≤ 0.05) in men but not in women. We observed variations in ferritin concentrations across different geographic regions (both P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Serum ferritin concentrations varied across different sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors in this Chinese population. A higher intake of red meat was associated with higher ferritin concentrations in men and older women.
Authors: Jule Filler; Ricarda von Krüchten; Nina Wawro; Lisa Maier; Roberto Lorbeer; Johanna Nattenmüller; Barbara Thorand; Fabian Bamberg; Annette Peters; Christopher L Schlett; Jakob Linseisen; Susanne Rospleszcz Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-12-28 Impact factor: 5.717