P Fusar-Poli1, M Tantardini2, S De Simone3, V Ramella-Cravaro4, D Oliver5, J Kingdon5, M Kotlicka-Antczak6, L Valmaggia5, J Lee7, M J Millan8, S Galderisi3, U Balottin2, V Ricca9, P McGuire5. 1. King'sCollege London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom; OASIS service, South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: p.fusar@libero.it. 2. Brain and Behaviour Department, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, C. Mondino National Institute of Neurology, Pavia, Italy. 3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy. 4. King'sCollege London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom; Department of neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy. 5. King'sCollege London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom. 6. Medical University of Lodz, Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Lodz, Poland. 7. Department of General Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore. 8. Institut de Recherche (IDR) Servier, Pole for Innovation in Neuropsychiatry, Croissy-sur-Seine, France. 9. Department of neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Subjects at ultra high-risk (UHR) for psychosis have an enhanced vulnerability to develop the disorder but the risk factors accounting for this accrued risk are undetermined. METHOD: Systematic review of associations between genetic or environmental risk factors for psychosis that are widely established in the literature and UHR state, based on comparisons to controls. RESULTS: Forty-four studies encompassing 170 independent datasets and 54 risk factors were included. There were no studies on association between genetic or epigenetic risk factors and the UHR state that met the inclusion criteria. UHR subjects were more likely to show obstetric complications, tobacco use, physical inactivity, childhood trauma/emotional abuse/physical neglect, high perceived stress, childhood and adolescent low functioning, affective comorbidities, male gender, single status, unemployment and low educational level as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: The increased vulnerability of UHR subjects can be related to environmental risk factors like childhood trauma, adverse life events and affective dysfunction. The role of genetic and epigenetic risk factors awaits clarification. Copyright Â
BACKGROUND: Subjects at ultra high-risk (UHR) for psychosis have an enhanced vulnerability to develop the disorder but the risk factors accounting for this accrued risk are undetermined. METHOD: Systematic review of associations between genetic or environmental risk factors for psychosis that are widely established in the literature and UHR state, based on comparisons to controls. RESULTS: Forty-four studies encompassing 170 independent datasets and 54 risk factors were included. There were no studies on association between genetic or epigenetic risk factors and the UHR state that met the inclusion criteria. UHR subjects were more likely to show obstetric complications, tobacco use, physical inactivity, childhood trauma/emotional abuse/physical neglect, high perceived stress, childhood and adolescent low functioning, affective comorbidities, male gender, single status, unemployment and low educational level as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: The increased vulnerability of UHR subjects can be related to environmental risk factors like childhood trauma, adverse life events and affective dysfunction. The role of genetic and epigenetic risk factors awaits clarification. Copyright Â
Authors: Cathy Davies; Andrea Cipriani; John P A Ioannidis; Joaquim Radua; Daniel Stahl; Umberto Provenzani; Philip McGuire; Paolo Fusar-Poli Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2018-06 Impact factor: 49.548
Authors: Hannah C Chapman; Katherine F Visser; Vijay A Mittal; Brandon E Gibb; Meredith E Coles; Gregory P Strauss Journal: Dev Psychopathol Date: 2020-02
Authors: Joaquim Radua; Valentina Ramella-Cravaro; John P A Ioannidis; Abraham Reichenberg; Nacharin Phiphopthatsanee; Taha Amir; Hyi Yenn Thoo; Dominic Oliver; Cathy Davies; Craig Morgan; Philip McGuire; Robin M Murray; Paolo Fusar-Poli Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2018-02 Impact factor: 49.548