Literature DB >> 27980842

Crystal structure of di-ethyl-ammonium aniline-4-sulfonate anilinium-4-sulfonate.

Assane Toure1, Libasse Diop1, Cheikh Abdoul Khadir Diop1, Allen G Oliver2.   

Abstract

The title compound, C4H12NC6H6NO3SC6H7NO3S, consists of an ion pair and a zwitterionic neutral mol-ecule. The cation adopts an extended conformation [C-C-N-C torsion angles = 177.1 (3) and -178.4 (3)°]. In the crystal, the components are linked by N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network, which is consolidated by weak C-H⋯O inter-actions.

Entities:  

Keywords:  aniline­sulfonate; aniline­sulfonic zwitterion; crystal structure; di­ethyl­ammonium cation; hydrogen bonds; three-dimensional structure

Year:  2016        PMID: 27980842      PMCID: PMC5137620          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989016018041

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Acids such as sulfuric, nitric, oxalic, phospho­ric, substituted sulfonic, etc. when mixed in water with amines give acidic or neutral salts that may be soluble in organic solvents: this solubility allows for the study of their inter­actions with metal halides, acetates, nitrates, perchlorates, etc, which yield new adducts and complexes in which the conjugate anion of the acid behaves as a ligand, usually coordinating the metal ion (Najafi et al., 2011a ▸,b ▸; Ittyachan et al., 2016 ▸; Majeed & Wendt, 2016 ▸). We report here the synthesis and structure of the product arising from the mixing of di­ethyl­amine and aniline­sulfonic acid solutions, which contains a combination of ions and a zwitterion. In terms of other compounds containing both the aniline­sulfonate anion and its zwitterionic form, anilinium­sulfonate, to date only the 4-amino­pyridinium salt has been reported (Fun et al., 2008 ▸).

Structural commentary

There is one di­ethyl­ammonium cation, one aniline­sulfonate anion and one zwitterionic aniliniumsulfonate mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit (Fig. 1 ▸). The individual mol­ecules are unremarkable with bond distances and angles typical of their type. The cation adopts an extended conformation [C1—C2—N1—C3 and C2—N1—C3—C4 torsion angles = 177.1 (3) and −178.4 (3)°, respectively].
Figure 1

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound. Displacement ellipsoids depicted at the 50% probability level and H atoms as spheres of an arbitrary radius. Hydrogen bonds are represented by light-blue dashed lines.

Supra­molecular features

The zwitterionic aniliniumsulfonate and the aniline­sulfonate anion are connected through N2—H2NA⋯O4i, N2—H2NB⋯O5ii, N2—H2NC⋯N3iii, N3—H3NA⋯O1iv and N3—H3NB⋯O3v hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸) giving sheet-like bi-layers that lie parallel to the bc plane [symmetry codes: (i) −x + 1, y − , −z + 1; (ii) −x + 1, y + , −z + 1; (iii) x − 1, y, z − 1; (iv) −x + 1, y + , −z + 2; (v) −x + 1, y − , −z + 2]. The bi-layers are then linked through N1—H1NA⋯O2, N1—H1NB⋯O5 and N1—H1NB⋯O6 hydrogen bonds, yielding a three-dimensional network (Fig. 2 ▸). Some weak C—H⋯O (C3—H3A⋯O3vi, C6—H6⋯O3vi and C9—H9⋯O1vii) inter­actions consolidate the packing in the crystal [symmetry codes: (vi) x, y − 1, z; (vii) −x, y + , −z + 1]. Examination of the packing reveals layers of diethyl ammonium cation sandwiched between bi-layers of aniline sulfate moieties. The key hydrogen bonds establishing the three-dimensional array are the contacts to sulfonate oxygen atoms and the N2⋯N3 aniline inter­actions. All amine hydrogen atoms form good hydrogen-bond contacts to neighboring hydrogen-bond acceptor atoms.
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
N1—H1NA⋯O20.96 (3)1.79 (4)2.748 (4)175 (3)
N1—H1NB⋯O50.90 (3)2.45 (3)3.019 (4)122 (3)
N1—H1NB⋯O60.90 (3)2.03 (4)2.920 (4)173 (3)
N2—H2NA⋯O4i 0.94 (2)1.88 (2)2.794 (4)165 (3)
N2—H2NB⋯O5ii 0.94 (2)1.85 (2)2.778 (3)171 (3)
N2—H2NC⋯N3iii 0.97 (2)1.85 (2)2.812 (4)178 (4)
N3—H3NA⋯O1iv 0.83 (4)2.21 (4)2.998 (4)157 (3)
N3—H3NB⋯O3v 0.79 (3)2.23 (3)2.997 (4)164 (3)
C3—H3A⋯O3vi 0.992.483.338 (4)145
C6—H6⋯O3vi 0.952.653.507 (4)151
C9—H9⋯O1vii 0.952.593.517 (4)165

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; (v) ; (vi) ; (vii) .

Figure 2

Packing diagram, viewed along the b axis. Hydrogen bonds are represented by light-blue dashed lines.

Database survey

A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.37 + one update; Groom et al., 2016 ▸) shows 46 hits concerning the aniline­sulfonate anion, three containing aniliniumsulfonate and one hit with both (Fun et al., 2008 ▸), while 303 hits concern the di­ethyl­ammonium ion.

Synthesis and crystallization

Dimethyl amine was mixed in water with aniline sulfonic acid in a 1:1 ratio. Colorless block-like crystals were obtained on allowing the water to evaporate at 333 K.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▸. Hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon were included in geometrically calculated positions and allowed to ride on the parent atom. All amine hydrogen atoms were located in a difference Fourier map and refined freely.
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC4H12N+·C6H6NO3S·C6H7NO3S
M r 419.51
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21
Temperature (K)120
a, b, c (Å)11.419 (3), 5.6731 (16), 15.226 (4)
β (°)95.530 (4)
V3)981.8 (5)
Z 2
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.31
Crystal size (mm)0.22 × 0.19 × 0.05
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)
T min, T max 0.781, 0.931
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections18906, 4911, 4228
R int 0.056
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.668
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.039, 0.077, 0.98
No. of reflections4911
No. of parameters274
No. of restraints4
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.29, −0.38
Absolute structureFlack x determined using 1632 quotients [(I +)−(I )]/[(I +)+(I )] (Parsons et al., 2013)
Absolute structure parameter0.03 (6)

Computer programs: APEX3 and SAINT (Bruker, 2015 ▸), SHELXT2014 (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸), OLEX2 (Dolomanov et al., 2009 ▸) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010 ▸).

As the mol­ecules are achiral, only the correct enanti­omorph of the space group was determined: this was determined by comparison of intensities of Friedel pairs of reflections yielding a Flack x parameter of 0.03 (6) (Parsons et al., 2013 ▸) and a Hooft y parameter of 0.04 (6) (Hooft et al., 2008 ▸). Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989016018041/hb7622sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989016018041/hb7622Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989016018041/hb7622Isup3.cml CCDC reference: 1515845 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C4H12N+·C6H6NO3S·C6H7NO3SF(000) = 444
Mr = 419.51Dx = 1.419 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 11.419 (3) ÅCell parameters from 4341 reflections
b = 5.6731 (16) Åθ = 2.7–24.5°
c = 15.226 (4) ŵ = 0.31 mm1
β = 95.530 (4)°T = 120 K
V = 981.8 (5) Å3Plate, colorless
Z = 20.22 × 0.19 × 0.05 mm
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer4911 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube4228 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.056
Detector resolution: 8.33 pixels mm-1θmax = 28.4°, θmin = 1.3°
combination of ω and φ–scansh = −15→15
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)k = −7→7
Tmin = 0.781, Tmax = 0.931l = −20→20
18906 measured reflections
Refinement on F2Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: fullHydrogen site location: mixed
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.039H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
wR(F2) = 0.077w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0303P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
S = 0.98(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
4911 reflectionsΔρmax = 0.29 e Å3
274 parametersΔρmin = −0.38 e Å3
4 restraintsAbsolute structure: Flack x determined using 1632 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons et al., 2013)
Primary atom site location: real-space vector searchAbsolute structure parameter: 0.03 (6)
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
N10.5053 (3)0.0636 (5)0.74539 (18)0.0247 (7)
H1NA0.437 (3)0.156 (6)0.727 (2)0.033 (10)*
H1NB0.566 (3)0.160 (6)0.761 (2)0.031 (11)*
C10.4529 (3)0.0950 (8)0.8976 (2)0.0461 (11)
H1A0.43230.00390.94860.069*
H1B0.38690.19730.87670.069*
H1C0.52240.19180.91480.069*
C20.4791 (3)−0.0698 (7)0.8253 (2)0.0365 (10)
H2A0.5474−0.16960.84580.044*
H2B0.4106−0.17430.81040.044*
C30.5386 (3)−0.0861 (7)0.6708 (2)0.0336 (9)
H3A0.4730−0.19380.65120.040*
H3B0.6083−0.18290.69070.040*
C40.5661 (3)0.0694 (8)0.5950 (2)0.0459 (11)
H4A0.5848−0.02910.54530.069*
H4B0.63370.16990.61380.069*
H4C0.49770.16830.57670.069*
S10.21877 (6)0.48653 (13)0.65278 (5)0.01702 (18)
O10.11341 (17)0.4576 (4)0.69828 (12)0.0192 (5)
O20.3108 (2)0.3205 (4)0.68312 (15)0.0281 (6)
O30.25973 (19)0.7296 (4)0.65346 (13)0.0221 (5)
N20.0854 (2)0.2713 (5)0.27136 (16)0.0166 (6)
H2NA0.088 (3)0.109 (4)0.2598 (18)0.017 (8)*
H2NB0.144 (2)0.338 (6)0.239 (2)0.027 (10)*
H2NC0.010 (2)0.341 (7)0.252 (2)0.051 (12)*
C50.1782 (3)0.4162 (6)0.54039 (19)0.0152 (7)
C60.2099 (3)0.2003 (5)0.50528 (19)0.0180 (7)
H60.25270.08740.54160.022*
C70.1781 (3)0.1530 (6)0.41663 (19)0.0181 (7)
H70.19950.00750.39170.022*
C80.1153 (3)0.3183 (5)0.36490 (19)0.0149 (7)
C90.0805 (3)0.5306 (5)0.39992 (19)0.0162 (6)
H90.03590.64150.36390.019*
C100.1122 (3)0.5774 (5)0.48805 (19)0.0161 (7)
H100.08860.72130.51300.019*
S20.78723 (7)0.26125 (13)0.83062 (5)0.01669 (18)
O40.89636 (19)0.3121 (4)0.79229 (13)0.0194 (5)
O50.75682 (17)0.0109 (4)0.82423 (12)0.0173 (5)
O60.68960 (19)0.4094 (4)0.79409 (14)0.0231 (5)
N30.8696 (3)0.4851 (6)1.21318 (17)0.0194 (6)
H3NA0.874 (3)0.630 (7)1.223 (2)0.028 (11)*
H3NB0.824 (3)0.430 (6)1.244 (2)0.020 (10)*
C110.8122 (3)0.3252 (5)0.94423 (19)0.0146 (7)
C120.7796 (3)0.1654 (5)1.00663 (19)0.0181 (7)
H120.74450.01970.98810.022*
C130.7982 (3)0.2179 (5)1.09560 (18)0.0178 (7)
H130.77670.10711.13800.021*
C140.8485 (3)0.4330 (5)1.12326 (19)0.0159 (7)
C150.8832 (3)0.5891 (5)1.06041 (19)0.0190 (7)
H150.91980.73371.07870.023*
C160.8650 (3)0.5360 (5)0.9717 (2)0.0201 (7)
H160.88890.64440.92930.024*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
N10.0186 (16)0.0267 (17)0.0282 (16)0.0017 (13)−0.0008 (13)0.0020 (13)
C10.033 (2)0.077 (3)0.029 (2)−0.013 (2)0.0030 (18)0.004 (2)
C20.0242 (19)0.043 (3)0.041 (2)−0.0057 (18)−0.0012 (17)0.0136 (19)
C30.0192 (19)0.039 (2)0.042 (2)0.0001 (16)−0.0021 (16)−0.0131 (18)
C40.034 (2)0.068 (3)0.036 (2)0.005 (2)0.0077 (19)−0.006 (2)
S10.0176 (4)0.0183 (4)0.0148 (4)0.0014 (3)−0.0006 (3)−0.0003 (3)
O10.0206 (12)0.0203 (13)0.0174 (11)−0.0024 (10)0.0057 (9)−0.0005 (10)
O20.0288 (14)0.0326 (15)0.0214 (12)0.0145 (11)−0.0059 (10)−0.0002 (10)
O30.0275 (13)0.0213 (13)0.0176 (11)−0.0072 (11)0.0022 (9)−0.0037 (10)
N20.0222 (15)0.0139 (14)0.0139 (13)−0.0004 (13)0.0023 (11)−0.0005 (12)
C50.0141 (16)0.0172 (17)0.0147 (15)−0.0027 (13)0.0027 (12)0.0000 (12)
C60.0194 (17)0.0157 (16)0.0186 (15)0.0026 (13)0.0008 (13)0.0012 (12)
C70.0203 (17)0.0145 (15)0.0198 (16)0.0004 (13)0.0030 (14)−0.0026 (13)
C80.0153 (16)0.0178 (17)0.0120 (15)−0.0033 (12)0.0029 (12)−0.0001 (12)
C90.0169 (15)0.0143 (16)0.0172 (15)0.0007 (12)0.0000 (12)0.0037 (12)
C100.0195 (17)0.0131 (15)0.0162 (15)0.0003 (12)0.0037 (13)−0.0008 (12)
S20.0195 (4)0.0154 (4)0.0149 (4)0.0007 (3)0.0008 (3)−0.0002 (3)
O40.0218 (12)0.0188 (13)0.0182 (11)−0.0011 (10)0.0047 (9)0.0008 (9)
O50.0218 (11)0.0144 (11)0.0161 (10)−0.0019 (10)0.0027 (9)−0.0019 (9)
O60.0261 (13)0.0218 (13)0.0201 (12)0.0053 (10)−0.0037 (10)−0.0001 (9)
N30.0260 (16)0.0171 (15)0.0152 (13)−0.0031 (14)0.0023 (12)−0.0007 (13)
C110.0155 (16)0.0155 (17)0.0127 (15)0.0033 (12)0.0011 (12)0.0009 (12)
C120.0189 (17)0.0142 (15)0.0213 (16)−0.0004 (13)0.0020 (13)−0.0005 (12)
C130.0215 (17)0.0162 (16)0.0162 (15)−0.0003 (13)0.0037 (13)0.0025 (12)
C140.0170 (16)0.0167 (17)0.0141 (15)0.0053 (13)0.0022 (12)−0.0019 (12)
C150.0206 (17)0.0144 (16)0.0214 (16)−0.0019 (13)−0.0009 (14)−0.0016 (13)
C160.0228 (17)0.0183 (18)0.0191 (16)−0.0019 (13)0.0019 (13)0.0034 (13)
N1—C21.488 (4)C6—C71.390 (4)
N1—C31.497 (4)C6—H60.9500
N1—H1NA0.96 (3)C7—C81.380 (4)
N1—H1NB0.90 (3)C7—H70.9500
C1—C21.496 (5)C8—C91.390 (4)
C1—H1A0.9800C9—C101.381 (4)
C1—H1B0.9800C9—H90.9500
C1—H1C0.9800C10—H100.9500
C2—H2A0.9900S2—O41.455 (2)
C2—H2B0.9900S2—O61.462 (2)
C3—C41.510 (5)S2—O51.463 (2)
C3—H3A0.9900S2—C111.763 (3)
C3—H3B0.9900N3—C141.399 (4)
C4—H4A0.9800N3—H3NA0.83 (4)
C4—H4B0.9800N3—H3NB0.79 (3)
C4—H4C0.9800C11—C161.386 (4)
S1—O21.453 (2)C11—C121.389 (4)
S1—O11.454 (2)C12—C131.383 (4)
S1—O31.456 (2)C12—H120.9500
S1—C51.775 (3)C13—C141.397 (4)
N2—C81.457 (4)C13—H130.9500
N2—H2NA0.94 (2)C14—C151.389 (4)
N2—H2NB0.94 (2)C15—C161.380 (4)
N2—H2NC0.97 (2)C15—H150.9500
C5—C101.387 (4)C16—H160.9500
C5—C61.398 (4)
C2—N1—C3114.7 (3)C6—C5—S1120.8 (2)
C2—N1—H1NA107 (2)C7—C6—C5119.2 (3)
C3—N1—H1NA110 (2)C7—C6—H6120.4
C2—N1—H1NB108 (2)C5—C6—H6120.4
C3—N1—H1NB107 (2)C8—C7—C6119.7 (3)
H1NA—N1—H1NB109 (3)C8—C7—H7120.1
C2—C1—H1A109.5C6—C7—H7120.1
C2—C1—H1B109.5C7—C8—C9121.4 (3)
H1A—C1—H1B109.5C7—C8—N2119.6 (3)
C2—C1—H1C109.5C9—C8—N2119.0 (3)
H1A—C1—H1C109.5C10—C9—C8118.8 (3)
H1B—C1—H1C109.5C10—C9—H9120.6
N1—C2—C1110.7 (3)C8—C9—H9120.6
N1—C2—H2A109.5C9—C10—C5120.5 (3)
C1—C2—H2A109.5C9—C10—H10119.7
N1—C2—H2B109.5C5—C10—H10119.7
C1—C2—H2B109.5O4—S2—O6112.61 (13)
H2A—C2—H2B108.1O4—S2—O5111.89 (13)
N1—C3—C4109.6 (3)O6—S2—O5111.41 (13)
N1—C3—H3A109.7O4—S2—C11106.81 (14)
C4—C3—H3A109.7O6—S2—C11107.45 (14)
N1—C3—H3B109.7O5—S2—C11106.25 (14)
C4—C3—H3B109.7C14—N3—H3NA112 (2)
H3A—C3—H3B108.2C14—N3—H3NB115 (2)
C3—C4—H4A109.5H3NA—N3—H3NB109 (3)
C3—C4—H4B109.5C16—C11—C12119.6 (3)
H4A—C4—H4B109.5C16—C11—S2119.9 (2)
C3—C4—H4C109.5C12—C11—S2120.5 (2)
H4A—C4—H4C109.5C13—C12—C11120.2 (3)
H4B—C4—H4C109.5C13—C12—H12119.9
O2—S1—O1112.42 (14)C11—C12—H12119.9
O2—S1—O3112.94 (15)C12—C13—C14120.2 (3)
O1—S1—O3112.55 (13)C12—C13—H13119.9
O2—S1—C5105.94 (14)C14—C13—H13119.9
O1—S1—C5106.42 (13)C15—C14—C13119.1 (3)
O3—S1—C5105.88 (14)C15—C14—N3120.4 (3)
C8—N2—H2NA110.7 (18)C13—C14—N3120.5 (3)
C8—N2—H2NB109 (2)C16—C15—C14120.6 (3)
H2NA—N2—H2NB105 (3)C16—C15—H15119.7
C8—N2—H2NC110 (2)C14—C15—H15119.7
H2NA—N2—H2NC113 (3)C15—C16—C11120.2 (3)
H2NB—N2—H2NC109 (3)C15—C16—H16119.9
C10—C5—C6120.3 (3)C11—C16—H16119.9
C10—C5—S1118.9 (2)
C3—N1—C2—C1177.1 (3)S1—C5—C10—C9178.9 (2)
C2—N1—C3—C4−178.4 (3)O4—S2—C11—C1647.7 (3)
O2—S1—C5—C10−165.1 (2)O6—S2—C11—C16−73.4 (3)
O1—S1—C5—C1075.1 (3)O5—S2—C11—C16167.2 (2)
O3—S1—C5—C10−44.9 (3)O4—S2—C11—C12−132.1 (3)
O2—S1—C5—C616.1 (3)O6—S2—C11—C12106.9 (3)
O1—S1—C5—C6−103.7 (3)O5—S2—C11—C12−12.5 (3)
O3—S1—C5—C6136.3 (2)C16—C11—C12—C131.0 (4)
C10—C5—C6—C72.2 (4)S2—C11—C12—C13−179.3 (2)
S1—C5—C6—C7−179.0 (2)C11—C12—C13—C140.8 (4)
C5—C6—C7—C8−0.4 (4)C12—C13—C14—C15−2.3 (4)
C6—C7—C8—C9−1.4 (5)C12—C13—C14—N3−178.8 (3)
C6—C7—C8—N2178.0 (3)C13—C14—C15—C162.0 (4)
C7—C8—C9—C101.4 (4)N3—C14—C15—C16178.5 (3)
N2—C8—C9—C10−178.0 (3)C14—C15—C16—C11−0.2 (5)
C8—C9—C10—C50.5 (4)C12—C11—C16—C15−1.3 (4)
C6—C5—C10—C9−2.3 (4)S2—C11—C16—C15179.0 (2)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1NA···O20.96 (3)1.79 (4)2.748 (4)175 (3)
N1—H1NB···O50.90 (3)2.45 (3)3.019 (4)122 (3)
N1—H1NB···O60.90 (3)2.03 (4)2.920 (4)173 (3)
N2—H2NA···O4i0.94 (2)1.88 (2)2.794 (4)165 (3)
N2—H2NB···O5ii0.94 (2)1.85 (2)2.778 (3)171 (3)
N2—H2NC···N3iii0.97 (2)1.85 (2)2.812 (4)178 (4)
N3—H3NA···O1iv0.83 (4)2.21 (4)2.998 (4)157 (3)
N3—H3NB···O3v0.79 (3)2.23 (3)2.997 (4)164 (3)
C3—H3A···O3vi0.992.483.338 (4)145
C6—H6···O3vi0.952.653.507 (4)151
C9—H9···O1vii0.952.593.517 (4)165
  9 in total

1.  4-Amino-pyridinium 4-amino-benzene-sulfonate 4-ammonio-benzene-sulfonate monohydrate.

Authors:  Hoong-Kun Fun; Samuel Robinson Jebas; A Sinthiya
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2008-03-12

2.  8-Hy-droxy-2-methyl-quinolinium tetra-chlorido(quinolin-2-olato-κN,O)stannate(IV) methanol disolvate.

Authors:  Ezzatollah Najafi; Mostafa M Amini; Seik Weng Ng
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2011-01-22

3.  2-Meth-oxy-carbonyl-pyridinium tetra-chlorido(pyridine-2-carboxyl-ato-κN,O)stannate(IV).

Authors:  Ezzatollah Najafi; Mostafa M Amini; Seik Weng Ng
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2011-01-22

4.  Determination of absolute structure using Bayesian statistics on Bijvoet differences.

Authors:  Rob W W Hooft; Leo H Straver; Anthony L Spek
Journal:  J Appl Crystallogr       Date:  2008-01-16       Impact factor: 3.304

5.  Comparison of silver and molybdenum microfocus X-ray sources for single-crystal structure determination.

Authors:  Lennard Krause; Regine Herbst-Irmer; George M Sheldrick; Dietmar Stalke
Journal:  J Appl Crystallogr       Date:  2015-01-30       Impact factor: 3.304

6.  SHELXT - integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

7.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

8.  Use of intensity quotients and differences in absolute structure refinement.

Authors:  Simon Parsons; Howard D Flack; Trixie Wagner
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2013-05-17

9.  The Cambridge Structural Database.

Authors:  Colin R Groom; Ian J Bruno; Matthew P Lightfoot; Suzanna C Ward
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2016-04-01
  9 in total

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