Ubong I Udoekwere1, Joseph J Krzak2, Adam Graf3, Sahar Hassani4, Sergey Tarima5, Mary Riordan4, Peter F Sturm6, Kim W Hammerberg4, Purnendu Gupta4, Alireza K Anissipour7, Gerald F Harris8. 1. College of Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 2. Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL, USA; College of Health Sciences, Physical Therapy Program, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA. 3. Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: agraf@shrinenet.org. 4. Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL, USA. 5. Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 6. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 7. College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA. 8. College of Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of posterior spinal fusion surgery terminating at different lowest instrumented vertebrae (LIV) on trunk mobility in individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation is the standard surgical technique employed in AIS for correcting spine deformities with Cobb angles exceeding 50°. Surgical correction of curve deformity reduces trunk mobility and range of motion. However, conflicting findings from previous studies investigating the impact of different LIV levels on the reduction in trunk mobility after surgery have been reported. METHODS: The study was designed as a prospective study with 47 patients (7 males and 40 females) with AIS who underwent posterior spinal fusion. Patients were classified into 5 groups based on their surgical LIV level (ie, T12, L1, L2, L3, and L4). Trunk flexion-extension (sagittal plane), lateral bending (coronal plane), and axial rotation (transverse plane) kinematics were assessed during preoperative, 1 year postoperative, and 2 years postoperative evaluation visits. RESULTS: There were postoperative reductions of 41%, 51%, and 59% in trunk range of motion in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes, respectively (p < .0001). A trend toward greater postoperative reductions in peak forward flexion at more distal LIVs was observed (p = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Fusion reduces trunk mobility in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes. More distal LIV fusions limit peak forward flexion to a greater extent which is considered clinically significant. After fusion, the reductions seen in axial rotation, lateral bending, and backward extension do not differ significantly at more distal LIVs.
STUDY DESIGN: Prospective. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of posterior spinal fusion surgery terminating at different lowest instrumented vertebrae (LIV) on trunk mobility in individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation is the standard surgical technique employed in AIS for correcting spine deformities with Cobb angles exceeding 50°. Surgical correction of curve deformity reduces trunk mobility and range of motion. However, conflicting findings from previous studies investigating the impact of different LIV levels on the reduction in trunk mobility after surgery have been reported. METHODS: The study was designed as a prospective study with 47 patients (7 males and 40 females) with AIS who underwent posterior spinal fusion. Patients were classified into 5 groups based on their surgical LIV level (ie, T12, L1, L2, L3, and L4). Trunk flexion-extension (sagittal plane), lateral bending (coronal plane), and axial rotation (transverse plane) kinematics were assessed during preoperative, 1 year postoperative, and 2 years postoperative evaluation visits. RESULTS: There were postoperative reductions of 41%, 51%, and 59% in trunk range of motion in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes, respectively (p < .0001). A trend toward greater postoperative reductions in peak forward flexion at more distal LIVs was observed (p = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Fusion reduces trunk mobility in the sagittal, coronal, and transverse planes. More distal LIV fusions limit peak forward flexion to a greater extent which is considered clinically significant. After fusion, the reductions seen in axial rotation, lateral bending, and backward extension do not differ significantly at more distal LIVs.
Authors: Gerard Marciano; Jacob Ball; Hiroko Matsumoto; Benjamin Roye; Lawrence Lenke; Peter Newton; Michael Vitale Journal: Spine Deform Date: 2021-01-05