Tomohiro Yazawa1, Kyoichi Kaira2, Kimihiro Shimizu1, Akira Shimizu3, Keita Mori4, Toshiteru Nagashima1, Yoichi Ohtaki1, Tetsunari Oyama5, Akira Mogi6, Hiroyuki Kuwano6. 1. Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Integrative Center of General Surgery, Gunma University HospitalJapan; Department of Thoracic and Visceral Organ Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineJapan. 2. Department of Oncology Clinical, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Japan. 3. Department of Dermatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Japan. 4. Clinical Trial Coordination Office, Shizuoka Cancer Center Japan. 5. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Japan. 6. Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of Integrative Center of General Surgery, Gunma University Hospital Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) is associated with tumor growth and progression. However, the clinical significance of β2-AR expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. METHODS: Three hundred twenty-eight patients with surgically resected NSCLC were retrospectively investigated. Tumor sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for assessing β2-AR and Ki-67 expression and microvessel density (MVD), which was using CD34 levels. RESULTS: β2-AR was positively expressed in 27% of all patients, in 29% of adenocarcinoma (AC) patients, and in 24% of non-AC patients. In AC patients, β2-AR expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic permeation (r=0.240; P<0.001), vascular invasion (r=0.239; P<0.001), and Ki-67 expression (r=0.175; P=0.009). However, this correlation was not observed in non-AC patients. Positive β2-AR expression was identified as a negative predictor for worse outcomes in AC patients, particularly in those with stage I tumors. Multivariate analysis confirmed that β2-AR expression was an independent factor for predicting poor progression-free survival in stage I AC patients (HR=2.220; 95% CI, 1.077-4.573; P=0.031). CONCLUSION: β2-AR expression is an independent prognostic factor for early-stage AC patients.
BACKGROUND: The β2-Adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) is associated with tumor growth and progression. However, the clinical significance of β2-AR expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. METHODS: Three hundred twenty-eight patients with surgically resected NSCLC were retrospectively investigated. Tumor sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for assessing β2-AR and Ki-67 expression and microvessel density (MVD), which was using CD34 levels. RESULTS: β2-AR was positively expressed in 27% of all patients, in 29% of adenocarcinoma (AC) patients, and in 24% of non-AC patients. In AC patients, β2-AR expression was significantly correlated with lymphatic permeation (r=0.240; P<0.001), vascular invasion (r=0.239; P<0.001), and Ki-67 expression (r=0.175; P=0.009). However, this correlation was not observed in non-AC patients. Positive β2-AR expression was identified as a negative predictor for worse outcomes in AC patients, particularly in those with stage I tumors. Multivariate analysis confirmed that β2-AR expression was an independent factor for predicting poor progression-free survival in stage I AC patients (HR=2.220; 95% CI, 1.077-4.573; P=0.031). CONCLUSION: β2-AR expression is an independent prognostic factor for early-stage AC patients.
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