Guocheng Shi1, Zhongqun Zhu1, Jimei Chen1, Yanqiu Ou1, Haifa Hong1, Zhiqiang Nie1, Haibo Zhang1, Xiaoqing Liu1, Jinghao Zheng1, Qi Sun1, Jinfen Liu1, Huiwen Chen2, Jian Zhuang2. 1. From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China. 2. From Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (G.S., Z.Z., H.H., H.Z., J. Zheng, Q.S., J.L., H.C.); and Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences (J.C., Y.O., Z.N., X.L., J. Zhuang), Guangdong, China. chenhuiwen@scmc.com.cn drzhuangjian5413@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare form of congenital heart disease. This study describes current surgical treatment strategies and experiences in a cohort of patients from 2 congenital cardiac centers in Shanghai and Guangdong in China. METHODS: This retrospective study included 768 patients operated on between 2005 and 2014. Although most patients (n=690) underwent conventional repair, a sutureless technique was used in 10% (n=78) of cases. A multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival model and a competing-risk analysis were used to analyze associated risk factors for death and recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO), respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the overall survival. The Nelson-Aalen cumulative risk curve was used to compare distributions of time with recurrent PVO. RESULTS: The mean surgical age and weight were 214.9±39.2 days and 5.4±3.6 kg, respectively. Obstructed TAPVC (PVO) was documented in 192 (25%) of the 768 patients. There were 38 intraoperative deaths and 13 late deaths. A younger age at the time of repair (P=0.001), mixed (P=0.004) and infracardiac (P=0.035) TAPVC, preoperative PVO (P=0.027), prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (P<0.001), and longer duration of ventilation (P=0.028) were associated with mortality. The median follow-up was 23.2 months (range; 1-112 months). Among the 717 survivors, recurrent PVO was observed in 111 patients (15%). Associated risk factors for recurrent PVO included preoperative PVO (P<0.001), infracardiac TAPVC (P<0.001), mixed TAPVC (P=0.013), and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (P<0.001). Sutureless technique was associated with a lower restenosis rate compared with conventional repair in patients with preoperative PVO (P=0.038), except in newborn patients (P=0.443). Reintervention for restenosis was performed in 24 patients. The function of most survivors (91%) was classified according to the New York Heart Association as functional class I or II. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical correction in patients with TAPVC with a biventricular anatomy can achieve an acceptable outcome. Risk factors such as a younger age at the time of repair, infracardiac and mixed TAPVC, and preoperative PVO were associated with a poorer prognosis.
BACKGROUND:Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare form of congenital heart disease. This study describes current surgical treatment strategies and experiences in a cohort of patients from 2 congenital cardiac centers in Shanghai and Guangdong in China. METHODS: This retrospective study included 768 patients operated on between 2005 and 2014. Although most patients (n=690) underwent conventional repair, a sutureless technique was used in 10% (n=78) of cases. A multilevel mixed-effects parametric survival model and a competing-risk analysis were used to analyze associated risk factors for death and recurrent pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO), respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the overall survival. The Nelson-Aalen cumulative risk curve was used to compare distributions of time with recurrent PVO. RESULTS: The mean surgical age and weight were 214.9±39.2 days and 5.4±3.6 kg, respectively. Obstructed TAPVC (PVO) was documented in 192 (25%) of the 768 patients. There were 38 intraoperative deaths and 13 late deaths. A younger age at the time of repair (P=0.001), mixed (P=0.004) and infracardiac (P=0.035) TAPVC, preoperative PVO (P=0.027), prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (P<0.001), and longer duration of ventilation (P=0.028) were associated with mortality. The median follow-up was 23.2 months (range; 1-112 months). Among the 717 survivors, recurrent PVO was observed in 111 patients (15%). Associated risk factors for recurrent PVO included preoperative PVO (P<0.001), infracardiac TAPVC (P<0.001), mixed TAPVC (P=0.013), and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time (P<0.001). Sutureless technique was associated with a lower restenosis rate compared with conventional repair in patients with preoperative PVO (P=0.038), except in newborn patients (P=0.443). Reintervention for restenosis was performed in 24 patients. The function of most survivors (91%) was classified according to the New York Heart Association as functional class I or II. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical correction in patients with TAPVC with a biventricular anatomy can achieve an acceptable outcome. Risk factors such as a younger age at the time of repair, infracardiac and mixed TAPVC, and preoperative PVO were associated with a poorer prognosis.
Authors: Logan G Spector; Jeremiah S Menk; Jessica H Knight; Courtney McCracken; Amanda S Thomas; Jeffrey M Vinocur; Matthew E Oster; James D St Louis; James H Moller; Lazaros Kochilas Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2018-05-29 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Brian R White; Deborah Y Ho; Jennifer A Faerber; Hannah Katcoff; Andrew C Glatz; Christopher E Mascio; Paul Stephens; Meryl S Cohen Journal: Ann Thorac Surg Date: 2019-03-16 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: James D St Louis; Courtney E McCracken; Elizabeth M Turk; Hayley S Hancock; Jeremiah S Menk; Brian A Harvey; Jeffrey M Vinocur; Matthew E Oster; James H Moller; Logan G Spector; Lazaros K Kochilas Journal: Ann Thorac Surg Date: 2017-08-25 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: Deborah Y Ho; Brian R White; Andrew C Glatz; Christopher E Mascio; Paul Stephens; Meryl S Cohen Journal: Pediatr Cardiol Date: 2018-06-05 Impact factor: 1.838