Jorge L Garaicoa1, Carol L Fischer2, Amber M Bates2, Julie Holloway3, Gustavo Avila-Ortiz4, Janet M Guthmiller5, Georgia K Johnson4, Clark Stanford6, Kim A Brogden4. 1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR. 2. Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. 3. Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. 4. Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA. 5. College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE. 6. College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Several complications may arise in patients wearing complete prosthetic appliances, including denture-associated infections and mucosal stomatitis due to Candida species. This study evaluated the activity of anti-Candida agents in denture adhesive and the cytotoxicities of these preparations for primary human gingival epithelial (GE) keratinocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anti-Candida activities of antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial lipids, and antifungal agents against C. albicans ATCC 64124 or HMV4C were assessed in microdilution assays containing water or 1% denture adhesive. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. The cytotoxicities of denture adhesive compounded with these agents were assessed in 1.0 × 105 primary GE keratinocytes in LGM-3 media with resazurin. RESULTS: Lactoferricin B, SMAP28, sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine in 1% denture adhesive lost antimicrobial activity for C. albicans (p < 0.05). Amphotericin B, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluconazole, and nystatin in 1% denture adhesive or compounded directly into denture adhesive and then diluted to 1% adhesive, did not lose antimicrobial activity. Compounded formulations were not cytotoxic (LD50 > 100.0 μg/ml) against primary human GE keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial lipids had diminished activities in 1% adhesive, suggesting that components in adhesives may inactivate local innate immune factors in the oral cavity, possibly predisposing denture wearers to Candida species infections. More importantly, antifungal agents retained their anti-C. albicans activities in denture adhesive, strongly suggesting that antifungal agents could be candidates for inclusion in adhesive formulations and used as prescribed topical treatments for individuals with denture stomatitis.
PURPOSE: Several complications may arise in patients wearing complete prosthetic appliances, including denture-associated infections and mucosal stomatitis due to Candida species. This study evaluated the activity of anti-Candida agents in denture adhesive and the cytotoxicities of these preparations for primary humangingival epithelial (GE) keratinocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The anti-Candida activities of antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial lipids, and antifungal agents against C. albicans ATCC 64124 or HMV4C were assessed in microdilution assays containing water or 1% denture adhesive. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined. The cytotoxicities of denture adhesive compounded with these agents were assessed in 1.0 × 105 primary GE keratinocytes in LGM-3 media with resazurin. RESULTS: Lactoferricin B, SMAP28, sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine in 1% denture adhesive lost antimicrobial activity for C. albicans (p < 0.05). Amphotericin B, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluconazole, and nystatin in 1% denture adhesive or compounded directly into denture adhesive and then diluted to 1% adhesive, did not lose antimicrobial activity. Compounded formulations were not cytotoxic (LD50 > 100.0 μg/ml) against primary human GE keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial lipids had diminished activities in 1% adhesive, suggesting that components in adhesives may inactivate local innate immune factors in the oral cavity, possibly predisposing denture wearers to Candida species infections. More importantly, antifungal agents retained their anti-C. albicans activities in denture adhesive, strongly suggesting that antifungal agents could be candidates for inclusion in adhesive formulations and used as prescribed topical treatments for individuals with denture stomatitis.
Authors: Jorge L Garaicoa; Carol L Fischer; Amber M Bates; Julie Holloway; Gustavo Avila-Ortiz; Janet M Guthmiller; Georgia K Johnson; Clark Stanford; Kim A Brogden Journal: J Prosthodont Date: 2016-11-21 Impact factor: 2.752
Authors: Jorge L Garaicoa; Carol L Fischer; Amber M Bates; Julie Holloway; Gustavo Avila-Ortiz; Janet M Guthmiller; Georgia K Johnson; Clark Stanford; Kim A Brogden Journal: J Prosthodont Date: 2016-11-21 Impact factor: 2.752
Authors: Norberto Martins de Oliveira Junior; Danny Omar Mendoza Marin; Andressa Rosa Perin Leite; Ana Carolina Pero; Marlise Inêz Klein; Marco Antonio Compagnoni Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-10-10 Impact factor: 3.240