Marco Zaffanello1,2, Gaetano Cantalupo3, Giorgio Piacentini3, Emma Gasperi3, Luana Nosetti4, Paolo Cavarzere3, Diego Alberto Ramaroli3, Aliza Mittal5, Franco Antoniazzi3. 1. Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. marco.zaffanello@univr.it. 2. Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy. marco.zaffanello@univr.it. 3. Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. 4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. 5. NDMC Medical College and Hindurao Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Children with achondroplasia often have breathing problems, especially during sleep. The most important treatments are adenotonsillectomy (for treating upper obstruction) and/or neurosurgery (for resolving cervicomedullar junction stenosis). DATA SOURCES: We reviewed the scientific literature on polysomnographic investigations which assessed the severity of respiratory disorders during sleep. RESULTS: Recent findings have highlighted the importance of clinical investigations in patients with achondroplasia, differentiating between those that look for neurological patterns and those that look for respiratory problems during sleep. In particular, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and somatosensory evoked potentials are the main tools to evaluate necessary neurosurgery and over myelopathy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The use of polysomnography enables clinicians to identify children with upper airway obstruction and to quantify disease severity; it is not suitable for MRI and/or neurosurgery considerations.
BACKGROUND:Children with achondroplasia often have breathing problems, especially during sleep. The most important treatments are adenotonsillectomy (for treating upper obstruction) and/or neurosurgery (for resolving cervicomedullar junction stenosis). DATA SOURCES: We reviewed the scientific literature on polysomnographic investigations which assessed the severity of respiratory disorders during sleep. RESULTS: Recent findings have highlighted the importance of clinical investigations in patients with achondroplasia, differentiating between those that look for neurological patterns and those that look for respiratory problems during sleep. In particular, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and somatosensory evoked potentials are the main tools to evaluate necessary neurosurgery and over myelopathy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The use of polysomnography enables clinicians to identify children with upper airway obstruction and to quantify disease severity; it is not suitable for MRI and/or neurosurgery considerations.
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