Self-assembly of predesigned optical materials in nematic codispersions of plasmonic nanorods.

Optical metamaterials and other nanostructured metal-dielectric composites hold great potential for designing and practically realizing novel types of light-matter interactions. Here we develop an approach to fabricate composites with tunable pre-engineered properties via self-assembly of anisotropic nanoparticles codispersed in a nematic liquid crystal host. Orientations of plasmonic nanorods of varying aspect ratios are controlled to align parallel or perpendicular to the nematic director and retain this relative orientation during a facile electric switching. The ensuing dynamic reconfigurability of the surface plasmon resonances of a composite enables a previously inaccessible means of controlling light and may enable tunable plasmonic filters and polarizers.