Wenyuan Li1,2, Kirsten S Dorans1,2, Elissa H Wilker1,2, Mary B Rice2,3, Joel Schwartz1,4, Brent A Coull5, Petros Koutrakis4, Diane R Gold4,6, Caroline S Fox7,8, Murray A Mittleman1,2. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 2. Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 3. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 4. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 5. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 6. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 7. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA. 8. Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Higher traffic-related air pollution has been associated with higher body mass index (BMI) among children. However, few studies have assessed the associations among adults. METHODS: Participants (N = 2,372) from the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts who underwent multidetector-computed tomography scans (2002-2005) were included. Residential-based proximity to the nearest major roadway and 1-year average levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) air pollution were estimated. BMI was measured at Offspring examination 7 (1998-2001) and Third Generation examination 1 (2002-2005); subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured using multidetector-computed tomography. Linear regression models were used for continuous BMI, SAT, and VAT and logistic models for the binary indicator of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2 ), adjusting for demographic variables, individual- and area-level measures of socioeconomic position, and clinical and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: Participants who lived 60 m from a major roadway had 0.37 kg/m2 higher BMI (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.65 kg/m2 ), 78.4 cm3 higher SAT (95% CI: 4.5 to 152.3 cm3 ), and 41.8 cm3 higher VAT (95% CI: -4.7 to 88.2 cm3 ) than those who lived 440 m away. CONCLUSIONS: Living closer to a major roadway was associated with higher overall and abdominal adiposity.
OBJECTIVE: Higher traffic-related air pollution has been associated with higher body mass index (BMI) among children. However, few studies have assessed the associations among adults. METHODS: Participants (N = 2,372) from the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts who underwent multidetector-computed tomography scans (2002-2005) were included. Residential-based proximity to the nearest major roadway and 1-year average levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) air pollution were estimated. BMI was measured at Offspring examination 7 (1998-2001) and Third Generation examination 1 (2002-2005); subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured using multidetector-computed tomography. Linear regression models were used for continuous BMI, SAT, and VAT and logistic models for the binary indicator of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2 ), adjusting for demographic variables, individual- and area-level measures of socioeconomic position, and clinical and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: Participants who lived 60 m from a major roadway had 0.37 kg/m2 higher BMI (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.65 kg/m2 ), 78.4 cm3 higher SAT (95% CI: 4.5 to 152.3 cm3 ), and 41.8 cm3 higher VAT (95% CI: -4.7 to 88.2 cm3 ) than those who lived 440 m away. CONCLUSIONS: Living closer to a major roadway was associated with higher overall and abdominal adiposity.
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