Experimental and early investigational drugs for angina pectoris.

INTRODUCTION: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major cause of death and disability among Western countries and angina pectoris is the most prevalent symptomatic manifestation. Strategies to improve management of chronic stable angina are a priority. Areas covered: A comprehensive review was conducted using the Medline and Cochrane databases as well as the clinical trial databases in the United States and Europe. Traditional therapies for angina will be discussed. This review particularly emphasizes investigational therapies for angina (including pharmacological agents, cell and gene based therapies, and herbal medications). Expert opinion: There has been renewed interest in older anti-angina agents (e.g., perhexiline, amiodarone, and phosphodiestrase-5 inhibitors). Other anti-inflammatory agents (e.g., allopurinol and febuxostat) are currently undergoing evaluation for angina therapy. Therapeutic angiogenesis continues to face some challenges. Future trials should evaluate the optimum patient population that would benefit from this form of therapy.