Tove Lise Nielsen1,2, Kirsten Schultz Petersen3, Claus Vinther Nielsen4, Janni Strøm1,5, Monica Milters Ehlers1, Merete Bjerrum1,6. 1. a Division of Rehabilitation, DEFACTUM, Central Denmark Region , Aarhus , Denmark. 2. b VIA Department of Occupational Therapy , Aarhus , Denmark. 3. c Department of Health Science and Technology , University of Aalborg , Denmark. 4. d Department of Public Health, Section for Clinical Social Medicine and Rehabilitation , Aarhus University , Denmark. 5. e Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Interdisciplinary Research Unit , Elective Surgery Center , Denmark. 6. f Department of Public Health , Section for Nursing Science, Aarhus University , Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of evidence-based knowledge about the effectiveness of home-based OT for older adults aimed at improving occupational performance by practicing activities and tasks. AIM: This review synthesizes and discusses evidence for the effectiveness of occupation-focused and occupation-based OT for older adults at home. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Peer-reviewed quantitative papers were included. PARTICIPANTS: ≥ 60-year-old adults with functional limitations. INTERVENTION: OT aiming at improving occupational performance, primarily through the practice of activities and tasks. OUTCOME: Occupational performance. CONTEXT: Home. Three reviewers critically appraised 13 of 995 detected papers. Extracted data were presented and summarized descriptively. RESULTS: Eight high-quality papers showed that occupation-focused and occupation-based OT using cognitive, behavioral and environmental strategies may significantly improve occupational performance in older, home-dwelling adults with physical health problems. Maintaining achieved improvements was a consistent challenge. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Evidence suggests that older adults' occupational performance can be significantly improved through low-intensity occupation-focused and occupation-based intervention. It is recommended to develop and test high-intensity OT programs and maintenance programs.
BACKGROUND: There is a lack of evidence-based knowledge about the effectiveness of home-based OT for older adults aimed at improving occupational performance by practicing activities and tasks. AIM: This review synthesizes and discusses evidence for the effectiveness of occupation-focused and occupation-based OT for older adults at home. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Peer-reviewed quantitative papers were included. PARTICIPANTS: ≥ 60-year-old adults with functional limitations. INTERVENTION: OT aiming at improving occupational performance, primarily through the practice of activities and tasks. OUTCOME: Occupational performance. CONTEXT: Home. Three reviewers critically appraised 13 of 995 detected papers. Extracted data were presented and summarized descriptively. RESULTS: Eight high-quality papers showed that occupation-focused and occupation-based OT using cognitive, behavioral and environmental strategies may significantly improve occupational performance in older, home-dwelling adults with physical health problems. Maintaining achieved improvements was a consistent challenge. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Evidence suggests that older adults' occupational performance can be significantly improved through low-intensity occupation-focused and occupation-based intervention. It is recommended to develop and test high-intensity OT programs and maintenance programs.
Entities:
Keywords:
Activities of daily living; effectiveness; home-based; home-dwelling; instrumental activities of daily living; occupation; rehabilitation
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