| Literature DB >> 27759919 |
Maxime Cailleret1, Steven Jansen2, Elisabeth M R Robert3,4,5, Lucía Desoto6, Tuomas Aakala7, Joseph A Antos8, Barbara Beikircher9, Christof Bigler1, Harald Bugmann1, Marco Caccianiga10, Vojtěch Čada11, Jesus J Camarero12, Paolo Cherubini13, Hervé Cochard14, Marie R Coyea15, Katarina Čufar16, Adrian J Das17, Hendrik Davi18, Sylvain Delzon19, Michael Dorman20, Guillermo Gea-Izquierdo21, Sten Gillner22,23, Laurel J Haavik24,25, Henrik Hartmann26, Ana-Maria Hereş3,27, Kevin R Hultine28, Pavel Janda11, Jeffrey M Kane29, Vyacheslav I Kharuk30, Thomas Kitzberger31,32, Tamir Klein33, Koen Kramer34, Frederic Lens35, Tom Levanic36, Juan C Linares Calderon37, Francisco Lloret3,38, Raquel Lobo-Do-Vale39, Fabio Lombardi40, Rosana López Rodríguez41,42, Harri Mäkinen43, Stefan Mayr9, Ilona Mészáros44, Juha M Metsaranta45, Francesco Minunno7, Walter Oberhuber9, Andreas Papadopoulos46, Mikko Peltoniemi47, Any M Petritan13,48, Brigitte Rohner1,13, Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda12, Dimitrios Sarris49,50,51, Jeremy M Smith52, Amanda B Stan53, Frank Sterck54, Dejan B Stojanović55, Maria L Suarez32, Miroslav Svoboda11, Roberto Tognetti56,57, José M Torres-Ruiz19, Volodymyr Trotsiuk11, Ricardo Villalba58, Floor Vodde59, Alana R Westwood60, Peter H Wyckoff61, Nikolay Zafirov62, Jordi Martínez-Vilalta3,38.
Abstract
Tree mortality is a key factor influencing forest functions and dynamics, but our understanding of the mechanisms leading to mortality and the associated changes in tree growth rates are still limited. We compiled a new pan-continental tree-ring width database from sites where both dead and living trees were sampled (2970 dead and 4224 living trees from 190 sites, including 36 species), and compared early and recent growth rates between trees that died and those that survived a given mortality event. We observed a decrease in radial growth before death in ca. 84% of the mortality events. The extent and duration of these reductions were highly variable (1-100 years in 96% of events) due to the complex interactions among study species and the source(s) of mortality. Strong and long-lasting declines were found for gymnosperms, shade- and drought-tolerant species, and trees that died from competition. Angiosperms and trees that died due to biotic attacks (especially bark-beetles) typically showed relatively small and short-term growth reductions. Our analysis did not highlight any universal trade-off between early growth and tree longevity within a species, although this result may also reflect high variability in sampling design among sites. The intersite and interspecific variability in growth patterns before mortality provides valuable information on the nature of the mortality process, which is consistent with our understanding of the physiological mechanisms leading to mortality. Abrupt changes in growth immediately before death can be associated with generalized hydraulic failure and/or bark-beetle attack, while long-term decrease in growth may be associated with a gradual decline in hydraulic performance coupled with depletion in carbon reserves. Our results imply that growth-based mortality algorithms may be a powerful tool for predicting gymnosperm mortality induced by chronic stress, but not necessarily so for angiosperms and in case of intense drought or bark-beetle outbreaks.Entities:
Keywords: angiosperms; death; drought; growth; gymnosperms; pathogens; ring-width; tree mortality
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Year: 2016 PMID： 27759919 DOI： 10.1111/gcb.13535
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Glob Chang Biol ISSN： 1354-1013 Impact factor: 10.863