Megan E Narad1, Keith O Yeates2, H Gerry Taylor3, Terry Stancin4, Shari L Wade1. 1. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 2. Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. 3. Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. 4. MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Abstract
Objective: Examine differences in maternal and paternal coping and distress following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and orthopedic injuries (OI). Method: Concurrent cohort/prospective design with five assessments between 1 and an average of 7 years after injury of children aged 3-6 years hospitalized for TBI ( n = 87) or OI ( n = 119). Mixed models analyses were used to examine hypotheses. Results: Overall, fathers reported greater depression and general distress than mothers 18 months after injury, but not at long-term follow-up. Active and acceptance coping were unrelated to parental sex, injury factors, or time since injury. A group × rater × time interaction was noted for Denial coping. Following severe TBI, fathers reported greater denial at 18 months, whereas mothers reported greater denial at the long-term follow-up. Denial coping did not differ between mothers and fathers following OI and moderate TBI. Conclusions: Parental response to early TBI is complex and may warrant clinical intervention even years after injury.
Objective: Examine differences in maternal and paternal coping and distress following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and orthopedic injuries (OI). Method: Concurrent cohort/prospective design with five assessments between 1 and an average of 7 years after injury of children aged 3-6 years hospitalized for TBI ( n = 87) or OI ( n = 119). Mixed models analyses were used to examine hypotheses. Results: Overall, fathers reported greater depression and general distress than mothers 18 months after injury, but not at long-term follow-up. Active and acceptance coping were unrelated to parental sex, injury factors, or time since injury. A group × rater × time interaction was noted for Denial coping. Following severe TBI, fathers reported greater denial at 18 months, whereas mothers reported greater denial at the long-term follow-up. Denial coping did not differ between mothers and fathers following OI and moderate TBI. Conclusions: Parental response to early TBI is complex and may warrant clinical intervention even years after injury.
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