BACKGROUND: Individuals with schizophrenia who engage in targeted cognitive training (TCT) of the auditory system show generalized cognitive improvements. The high degree of variability in cognitive gains maybe due to individual differences in the level of engagement of the underlying neural system target. METHOD: 131 individuals with schizophrenia underwent 40 hours of TCT. We identified target engagement of auditory system processing efficiency by modeling subject-specific trajectories of auditory processing speed (APS) over time. Lowess analysis, mixed models repeated measures analysis, and latent growth curve modeling were used to examine whether APS trajectories were moderated by age and illness duration, and mediated improvements in cognitive outcome measures. RESULTS: We observed significant improvements in APS from baseline to 20 hours of training (initial change), followed by a flat APS trajectory (plateau) at subsequent time-points. Participants showed interindividual variability in the steepness of the initial APS change and in the APS plateau achieved and sustained between 20 and 40 hours. We found that participants who achieved the fastest APS plateau, showed the greatest transfer effects to untrained cognitive domains. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant association between an individual's ability to generate and sustain auditory processing efficiency and their degree of cognitive improvement after TCT, independent of baseline neurocognition. APS plateau may therefore represent a behavioral measure of target engagement mediating treatment response. Future studies should examine the optimal plateau of auditory processing efficiency required to induce significant cognitive improvements, in the context of interindividual differences in neural plasticity and sensory system efficiency that characterize schizophrenia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).
BACKGROUND: Individuals with schizophrenia who engage in targeted cognitive training (TCT) of the auditory system show generalized cognitive improvements. The high degree of variability in cognitive gains maybe due to individual differences in the level of engagement of the underlying neural system target. METHOD: 131 individuals with schizophrenia underwent 40 hours of TCT. We identified target engagement of auditory system processing efficiency by modeling subject-specific trajectories of auditory processing speed (APS) over time. Lowess analysis, mixed models repeated measures analysis, and latent growth curve modeling were used to examine whether APS trajectories were moderated by age and illness duration, and mediated improvements in cognitive outcome measures. RESULTS: We observed significant improvements in APS from baseline to 20 hours of training (initial change), followed by a flat APS trajectory (plateau) at subsequent time-points. Participants showed interindividual variability in the steepness of the initial APS change and in the APS plateau achieved and sustained between 20 and 40 hours. We found that participants who achieved the fastest APS plateau, showed the greatest transfer effects to untrained cognitive domains. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant association between an individual's ability to generate and sustain auditory processing efficiency and their degree of cognitive improvement after TCT, independent of baseline neurocognition. APS plateau may therefore represent a behavioral measure of target engagement mediating treatment response. Future studies should examine the optimal plateau of auditory processing efficiency required to induce significant cognitive improvements, in the context of interindividual differences in neural plasticity and sensory system efficiency that characterize schizophrenia. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved).
Authors: Corby L Dale; Anne M Findlay; R Alison Adcock; Mary Vertinski; Melissa Fisher; Alexander Genevsky; Stephanie Aldebot; Karuna Subramaniam; Tracy L Luks; Gregory V Simpson; Srikantan S Nagarajan; Sophia Vinogradov Journal: Int J Psychophysiol Date: 2009-10-28 Impact factor: 2.997
Authors: Richard S E Keefe; Sophia Vinogradov; Alice Medalia; Peter F Buckley; Stanley N Caroff; Deepak C D'Souza; Phillip D Harvey; Karen A Graham; Robert M Hamer; Stephen M Marder; Del D Miller; Stephen J Olson; Jayendra K Patel; Dawn Velligan; Trina M Walker; Adam J Haim; T Scott Stroup Journal: J Clin Psychiatry Date: 2012-05-15 Impact factor: 4.384
Authors: Fred W Sabb; Theo G M van Erp; Molly E Hardt; Mirella Dapretto; Rochelle Caplan; Tyrone D Cannon; Carrie E Bearden Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2009-10-27 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Daniel H Wolf; Ruben C Gur; Jeffrey N Valdez; James Loughead; Mark A Elliott; Raquel E Gur; J Daniel Ragland Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2007-03-13 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: John D Ragland; Angela R Laird; Charan Ranganath; Robert S Blumenfeld; Sabina M Gonzales; David C Glahn Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2009-05-01 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Henry W Mahncke; Sarah-Jane Kim; Annika Rose; Catherine Stasio; Peter Buckley; Stanley Caroff; Erica Duncan; Sarah Yasmin; L Fredrik Jarskog; J Steven Lamberti; Keith Nuechterlein; Martin Strassnig; Dawn Velligan; Joseph Ventura; Trina Walker; T Scott Stroup; Richard S E Keefe Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2019-03-28 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: William C Hochberger; Yash B Joshi; Michael L Thomas; Wendy Zhang; Andrew W Bismark; Emily B H Treichler; Melissa Tarasenko; John Nungaray; Joyce Sprock; Lauren Cardoso; Neal Swerdlow; Gregory A Light Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2018-10-30 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Matthew L MacDonald; Megan Garver; Jason Newman; Zhe Sun; Joseph Kannarkat; Ryan Salisbury; Jill Glausier; Ying Ding; David A Lewis; Nathan Yates; Robert A Sweet Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2020-01-01 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Neal R Swerdlow; Savita G Bhakta; Jo Talledo; Juliana Kotz; Benjamin Z Roberts; Royce Ellen Clifford; Michael L Thomas; Yash B Joshi; Juan L Molina; Gregory A Light Journal: Neuropsychopharmacology Date: 2020-09-22 Impact factor: 7.853
Authors: Brian J Roach; Judith M Ford; Bruno Biagianti; Holly K Hamilton; Ian S Ramsay; Melissa Fisher; Rachel Loewy; Sophia Vinogradov; Daniel H Mathalon Journal: Int J Psychophysiol Date: 2018-12-29 Impact factor: 2.997