Cristiane N Soares1, Patrícia Brasil2, Raquel Medialdea Carrera3, Patricia Sequeira4, Ana Bispo de Filippis4, Vitor A Borges5, Fernando Theophilo5, Mark A Ellul6, Tom Solomon6. 1. Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Neurology Service, Rua Sacadura Cabral 176, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: crist_nsoares@yahoo.com.br. 2. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 3. Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. 4. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 5. Hospital Badim, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 6. Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) was first identified in the Americas in 2015, when an outbreak of an exanthematous illness occurred in Brazil. Subsequentely, there was an increase of microcephaly cases, suggesting an association between ZIKV and this neurological complication. Currently, ZIKV has been recognised as causing a wide range of neurological complications including Guillain Barré syndrome, and myelitis. OBJECTIVES: In this report, we describe the first fatal case of encephalitis in a 47 years old non pregnant woman, infected during the Brazilian zika epidemic of 2016. STUDY DESIGN: The diagnosis of encephalitis was determined by the presence of a disturbed level of consciousness and focal neurological signs during an exanthemous viral infection. RESULTS: CSF analysis supported the diagnosis of viral encephalitis, revealing lymphocytic pleocytosis, a high protein concentration, and the presence of IgM zika antibodies. RT-PCR analysis for ZIKV was positive in the urine. A brain computed tomography showed massive brain swelling. Our case differs from previous reports, because her neurological picture developed rapidly and in a very aggressive manner leading to brain death after eleven days of admission. CONCLUSION: In endemic areas, ZIKV should be considered as an aetiological agent in cases of encephalitis, and clinicians should be aware of its potential severity.
BACKGROUND:Zika virus (ZIKV) was first identified in the Americas in 2015, when an outbreak of an exanthematous illness occurred in Brazil. Subsequentely, there was an increase of microcephaly cases, suggesting an association between ZIKV and this neurological complication. Currently, ZIKV has been recognised as causing a wide range of neurological complications including Guillain Barré syndrome, and myelitis. OBJECTIVES: In this report, we describe the first fatal case of encephalitis in a 47 years old non pregnant woman, infected during the Brazilian zika epidemic of 2016. STUDY DESIGN: The diagnosis of encephalitis was determined by the presence of a disturbed level of consciousness and focal neurological signs during an exanthemous viral infection. RESULTS: CSF analysis supported the diagnosis of viral encephalitis, revealing lymphocytic pleocytosis, a high protein concentration, and the presence of IgM zika antibodies. RT-PCR analysis for ZIKV was positive in the urine. A brain computed tomography showed massive brain swelling. Our case differs from previous reports, because her neurological picture developed rapidly and in a very aggressive manner leading to brain death after eleven days of admission. CONCLUSION: In endemic areas, ZIKV should be considered as an aetiological agent in cases of encephalitis, and clinicians should be aware of its potential severity.
Authors: Lei Wang; Jessica E Filer; Meghan M Lorenz; Charles S Henry; David S Dandy; Brian J Geiss Journal: Biosens Bioelectron Date: 2019-01-29 Impact factor: 10.618
Authors: Christa E Osuna; So-Yon Lim; Claire Deleage; Bryan D Griffin; Derek Stein; Lukas T Schroeder; Robert Were Omange; Katharine Best; Ma Luo; Peter T Hraber; Hanne Andersen-Elyard; Erwing Fabian Cardozo Ojeda; Scott Huang; Dana L Vanlandingham; Stephen Higgs; Alan S Perelson; Jacob D Estes; David Safronetz; Mark G Lewis; James B Whitney Journal: Nat Med Date: 2016-10-03 Impact factor: 53.440