Alberto Soriano-Maldonado1, Virginia A Aparicio2, Francisco J Félix-Redondo3, Daniel Fernández-Bergés4. 1. Department of Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: asoriano@ual.es. 2. Department of Physiology and Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Centro de Salud Villanueva Norte, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Villanueva de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain; Hospital Don Benito Villanueva, Unidad de Investigación, Programa de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PERICLES), Grupo Investigación Multidisciplinar Extremeño (GRIMEX), Villanueva de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain. 4. Hospital Don Benito Villanueva, Unidad de Investigación, Programa de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PERICLES), Grupo Investigación Multidisciplinar Extremeño (GRIMEX), Villanueva de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were 1) to examine potential sex-related differences in major cardiometabolic risk factors among severe/morbid obese (body mass index [BMI]≥35) individuals; 2) to assess whether severity of obesity is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors in women and men, and 3) to assess whether being physically active (≥500 metabolic equivalents [MET-minutes per week]) may play a role in the association between severity of obesity and the cardiometabolic risk profile. METHODS: A total of 886 (438 men) obese individuals participated in a population-based cross-sectional study. We categorized participants as grade I (BMI 30-34.99) and grade II/III (BMI≥35) obese. We measured markers of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) blood pressure and renal function, as well as self-reported physical activity. RESULTS: Triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, systolic blood pressure and creatinine levels were higher in severe/morbid obese men than women (all, P<0.05), while women presented higher HDL cholesterol and hs-CRP (P<0.05) than men. Severe/morbid obesity was associated with higher triglycerides, hs-CRP, insulin and insulin resistance, diastolic blood pressure and higher odds of hypertension than grade I obesity both in women and men (all, P<0.05). Severe/morbid obese individuals who were physically inactive presented the least favorable cardiometabolic profile (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe/morbid obesity is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors both in women and men. Severe/morbid obese men are more affected than women regarding their cardiometabolic profile, although women presented higher inflammation. Physically inactive individuals with severe/morbid obesity had the most adverse clustered cardiometabolic risk profile.
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were 1) to examine potential sex-related differences in major cardiometabolic risk factors among severe/morbid obese (body mass index [BMI]≥35) individuals; 2) to assess whether severity of obesity is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors in women and men, and 3) to assess whether being physically active (≥500 metabolic equivalents [MET-minutes per week]) may play a role in the association between severity of obesity and the cardiometabolic risk profile. METHODS: A total of 886 (438 men) obese individuals participated in a population-based cross-sectional study. We categorized participants as grade I (BMI 30-34.99) and grade II/III (BMI≥35) obese. We measured markers of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]) blood pressure and renal function, as well as self-reported physical activity. RESULTS:Triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, systolic blood pressure and creatinine levels were higher in severe/morbid obesemen than women (all, P<0.05), while women presented higher HDL cholesterol and hs-CRP (P<0.05) than men. Severe/morbid obesity was associated with higher triglycerides, hs-CRP, insulin and insulin resistance, diastolic blood pressure and higher odds of hypertension than grade I obesity both in women and men (all, P<0.05). Severe/morbid obese individuals who were physically inactive presented the least favorable cardiometabolic profile (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Severe/morbid obesity is associated with more adverse cardiometabolic risk factors both in women and men. Severe/morbid obesemen are more affected than women regarding their cardiometabolic profile, although women presented higher inflammation. Physically inactive individuals with severe/morbid obesity had the most adverse clustered cardiometabolic risk profile.
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Authors: Alberto Soriano-Maldonado; Sonia Martínez-Forte; Manuel Ferrer-Márquez; Elena Martínez-Rosales; Alba Hernández-Martínez; Alejandro Carretero-Ruiz; Emilio Villa-González; Yaira Barranco-Ruiz; Manuel A Rodríguez-Pérez; María José Torrente-Sánchez; Lorena Carmona-Rodríguez; Pablo Soriano-Maldonado; José A Vargas-Hitos; Antonio J Casimiro-Andújar; Enrique G Artero; Ana M Fernández-Alonso Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2020-03 Impact factor: 1.817