Production of growth factors by malignant lymphoma cell lines.

Fourteen Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative cell lines were raised from bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood (PB), or lymph node samples of patients with intermediate- or high-grade malignant lymphoma. The cell lines were propagated in liquid suspension culture. They contain clonogenic progenitors capable of forming lymphoma colonies in semi-solid culture medium. Cells of these lines were used to examine the growth factor requirements of their clonogenic progenitors and to assess their ability to produce their own growth factors. Two of the cell lines (OCI-Ly9 and OCI-Ly13.1) required addition of exogenous factors for colony growth. These factors were routinely provided by media conditioned by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocytes (PHA-LCM). Three lines formed some and nine lines gave rise to optimal numbers of colonies without addition of growth factors. Eight of these factor-independent lines were able to function as feeder cells and promoted colony formation by both factor-dependent lines. Cell lines that displayed feeder cell function released activities into supernatants able to replace their cellular source. Some of these endogenously produced growth-promoting activities could be replaced by known hematopoietic growth factors. Both factor-dependent cell lines were cultured with recombinant IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, and GM colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and semipurified B-cell growth factor (BCGF) interleukin-4 (IL-4). A heterogeneous response pattern was observed. Both lines formed colonies with IL-4. The colonies were comparable in frequency and size with colonies observed with (PHA-LCM). OCI-Ly9 responded to IL-6 but showed no growth with IL-2. In contrast, the TAC-positive line OCI-Ly13.1 gave rise to colonies with IL-2 while remaining unresponsive to IL-6. A moderate number of colonies was observed when cells of this line were cultured with GM-CSF. Colony formation of both lines was uninfluenced by IL1 alpha or IL-3.