René Harder1,2, Beth A Malow3,4, R Lucas Goodpaster4, Fahad Iqbal2, Ann Halbower5, Suzanne E Goldman3, Diane B Fawkes3, Lily Wang6, Yaping Shi6, Franz Baudenbacher2, André Diedrich7,8. 1. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. 2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN, USA. 3. Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 4. Vanderbilt Sleep Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, USA. 6. Department of Statistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. 7. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN, USA. andre.diedrich@vanderbilt.edu. 8. Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Suite AA3228 MCN, Nashville, TN, 37232-2195, USA. andre.diedrich@vanderbilt.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Autonomic dysfunction has been reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Less is known about autonomic function during sleep in ASD. The objective of this study is to provide insight into the autonomic cardiovascular control during different sleep stages in ASD. We hypothesized that patients with ASD have lower vagal and higher sympathetic modulation with elevated heart rate, as compared to typical developing children (TD). METHODS: We studied 21 children with ASD and 23 TD children during overnight polysomnography. Heart rate and spectral parameters were calculated for each vigilance stage during sleep. Data from the first four sleep cycles were used to avoid possible effects of different individual sleep lengths and sleep cycle structures. Linear regression models were applied to study the effects of age and diagnosis (ASD and TD). RESULTS: In both groups, HR decreased during non-REM sleep and increased during REM sleep. However, HR was significantly higher in stages N2, N3 and REM sleep in the ASD group. Children with ASD showed less high frequency (HF) modulation during N3 and REM sleep. LF/HF ratio was higher during REM. Heart rate decreases with age at the same level in ASD and in TD. We found an age effect in LF in REM different in ASD and TD. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest possible deficits in vagal influence to the heart during sleep, especially during REM sleep. Children with ASD may have higher sympathetic dominance during sleep but rather due to decreased vagal influence.
PURPOSE:Autonomic dysfunction has been reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Less is known about autonomic function during sleep in ASD. The objective of this study is to provide insight into the autonomic cardiovascular control during different sleep stages in ASD. We hypothesized that patients with ASD have lower vagal and higher sympathetic modulation with elevated heart rate, as compared to typical developing children (TD). METHODS: We studied 21 children with ASD and 23 TD children during overnight polysomnography. Heart rate and spectral parameters were calculated for each vigilance stage during sleep. Data from the first four sleep cycles were used to avoid possible effects of different individual sleep lengths and sleep cycle structures. Linear regression models were applied to study the effects of age and diagnosis (ASD and TD). RESULTS: In both groups, HR decreased during non-REM sleep and increased during REM sleep. However, HR was significantly higher in stages N2, N3 and REM sleep in the ASD group. Children with ASD showed less high frequency (HF) modulation during N3 and REM sleep. LF/HF ratio was higher during REM. Heart rate decreases with age at the same level in ASD and in TD. We found an age effect in LF in REM different in ASD and TD. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest possible deficits in vagal influence to the heart during sleep, especially during REM sleep. Children with ASD may have higher sympathetic dominance during sleep but rather due to decreased vagal influence.
Authors: Nathalie Michels; Els Clays; Marc De Buyzere; Barbara Vanaelst; Stefaan De Henauw; Isabelle Sioen Journal: Sleep Date: 2013-12-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Stephen W Porges; Matthew Macellaio; Shannon D Stanfill; Kimberly McCue; Gregory F Lewis; Emily R Harden; Mika Handelman; John Denver; Olga V Bazhenova; Keri J Heilman Journal: Int J Psychophysiol Date: 2012-11-29 Impact factor: 2.997
Authors: Kristin K Jerger; Laura Lundegard; Aaron Piepmeier; Keturah Faurot; Amanda Ruffino; Margaret A Jerger; Aysenil Belger Journal: Glob Adv Health Med Date: 2018-04-05