C N Chaudhari1, M S Bindra2. 1. Reader. Department of Microbiology, AFMC Pune-40. 2. Commanding Officer, 4003 Field Hospital C/o 99 APO.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent host is self limiting infection, leading to latency of virus. However congenital CMV and CMV infections in immunocompromised patients are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Transfusion transmitted-cytomegalovirus (TT-CMV) infection in low birth weight neonate and immunocompromised transfusion recipients is being increasingly reported. Studies recommended transfusion of CMV free or CMV safe blood in prevention of TT-CMV. In this background, the study was undertaken to assess the CMV seroprevalence in blood donor. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in which 431 voluntary blood donors were screened for CMV IgG and IgM by EIA (Enzyme Immuno Assay). RESULT: A total of 379 (87.9 %) voluntary blood donors were seropositive for CMV IgG. There was no statistical difference of CMV seropositivity and age. Further, seven (1.6%) subjects were both CMV IgM and IgG seropositive. CONCLUSION: High seroprevalence of CMV in our donor population is a threat to the blood safety. Strategies in reducing the risk of TT- CMV are discussed. Use of prestorage leucodepleted 'CMV safe' blood components along with judicious use of blood is recommended in prevention of TT-CMV in high risk recipients.
BACKGROUND: Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompetent host is self limiting infection, leading to latency of virus. However congenital CMV and CMV infections in immunocompromised patients are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Transfusion transmitted-cytomegalovirus (TT-CMV) infection in low birth weight neonate and immunocompromised transfusion recipients is being increasingly reported. Studies recommended transfusion of CMV free or CMV safe blood in prevention of TT-CMV. In this background, the study was undertaken to assess the CMV seroprevalence in blood donor. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted in which 431 voluntary blood donors were screened for CMV IgG and IgM by EIA (Enzyme Immuno Assay). RESULT: A total of 379 (87.9 %) voluntary blood donors were seropositive for CMV IgG. There was no statistical difference of CMV seropositivity and age. Further, seven (1.6%) subjects were both CMV IgM and IgG seropositive. CONCLUSION: High seroprevalence of CMV in our donor population is a threat to the blood safety. Strategies in reducing the risk of TT- CMV are discussed. Use of prestorage leucodepleted 'CMV safe' blood components along with judicious use of blood is recommended in prevention of TT-CMV in high risk recipients.