Matteo Pagnesi1, Enrico A Martino2, Mauro Chiarito1, Antonio Mangieri1, Richard J Jabbour3, Nicolas M Van Mieghem4, Susheel K Kodali5, Cosmo Godino1, Giovanni Landoni6, Antonio Colombo7, Azeem Latib8. 1. Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 2. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. 3. Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy; Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. 4. Department of Interventional Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. 5. Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States. 6. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. 7. Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. 8. Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: alatib@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate silent cerebral injury detected by cerebral diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI); and 2) to assess the efficacy of embolic protection devices (EPDs) on DW-MRI endpoints. METHODS: We included in a pooled analysis 25 prospective studies reporting post-procedural cerebral DW-MRI data after TAVI (n=1225). Among these studies, we included in a meta-analysis 6 studies investigating TAVI performed with versus without EPDs (n=384). Primary endpoints were the number of new lesions per patient and the total lesion volume, while secondary endpoints were the number of patients with new lesions and the single lesion volume. RESULTS: The main pooled DW-MRI outcomes were: patients with new ischemic lesions, 77.5% (95% confidence interval=71.7-83.3%); total lesion volume, 437.5mm(3) (286.7-588.3mm(3)); single lesion volume, 78.1mm(3) (56.7-99.5mm(3)); and number of new lesions per patient, 4.2 (3.4-5.0). The use of EPDs was associated with a significant reduction in total lesion volume (mean difference [95% confidence interval]=-111.1mm(3) [-203.6 to -18.6mm(3)]; p=0.02) and single lesion volume (-12.1mm(3) [-18.3 to -6.0mm(3)]; p=0.0001) after TAVI. CONCLUSIONS: Silent cerebral injury occurs in the majority of patients undergoing TAVI and DW-MRI allows a precise characterization of new ischemic brain lesions. EPDs reduce the total and single volume of such lesions detected after the procedure, although the number of new lesions per patient and the number of patients with new lesions are not significantly reduced by such devices.
BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate silent cerebral injury detected by cerebral diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI); and 2) to assess the efficacy of embolic protection devices (EPDs) on DW-MRI endpoints. METHODS: We included in a pooled analysis 25 prospective studies reporting post-procedural cerebral DW-MRI data after TAVI (n=1225). Among these studies, we included in a meta-analysis 6 studies investigating TAVI performed with versus without EPDs (n=384). Primary endpoints were the number of new lesions per patient and the total lesion volume, while secondary endpoints were the number of patients with new lesions and the single lesion volume. RESULTS: The main pooled DW-MRI outcomes were: patients with new ischemic lesions, 77.5% (95% confidence interval=71.7-83.3%); total lesion volume, 437.5mm(3) (286.7-588.3mm(3)); single lesion volume, 78.1mm(3) (56.7-99.5mm(3)); and number of new lesions per patient, 4.2 (3.4-5.0). The use of EPDs was associated with a significant reduction in total lesion volume (mean difference [95% confidence interval]=-111.1mm(3) [-203.6 to -18.6mm(3)]; p=0.02) and single lesion volume (-12.1mm(3) [-18.3 to -6.0mm(3)]; p=0.0001) after TAVI. CONCLUSIONS:Silent cerebral injury occurs in the majority of patients undergoing TAVI and DW-MRI allows a precise characterization of new ischemic brain lesions. EPDs reduce the total and single volume of such lesions detected after the procedure, although the number of new lesions per patient and the number of patients with new lesions are not significantly reduced by such devices.
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