Ana I Faustino-Rocha1, Adelina Gama2, Paula A Oliveira3, Antonieta Alvarado4, Lio Fidalgo-Gonçalves5, Rita Ferreira6, Mário Ginja3. 1. Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (ITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Organic Chemistry Natural Products and Foodstuffs (QORNA), Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal anafaustino.faustino@sapo.pt. 2. Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Animal and Veterinary Research Center (CECAV), School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. 3. Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (ITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. 4. Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (ITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Central Western University "Lisandro Alvarado", Lara, Venezuela. 5. Center of Mathematics, Department of Engineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. 6. Organic Chemistry Natural Products and Foodstuffs (QORNA), Mass Spectrometry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: In this study, we evaluated the dimensions and volume of rat mammary tumors and the association of these variables with tumor invasiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumors were measured by caliper and ultrasonography. Volume was determined by water displacement and by application of four formulas using tumor length (L), width (W) and depth (D) or tumor weight. RESULTS: Results confirmed the data obtained in our previous work, where we verified that mammary tumors grow as oblate spheroids. CONCLUSION: The determination of mammary tumor volume by applying the formula V=(4/3)×π×(L/2)×(L/2)×(D/2) is the best way to evaluate tumor volume in vivo. Beyond volume evaluation by water displacement, the determination on the basis of tumor weight is the most accurate way to evaluate tumor volume after animal sacrifice or tumor excision. According to our results, it is not possible to predict if a tumor is invasive or non-invasive by its dimensions, volume or weight. Future work in chemically-induced mammary cancer should use ultrasonography and water displacement or tumor weight to determine tumor volume in vivo and after animal sacrifice or tumor excision, respectively.
BACKGROUND/AIM: In this study, we evaluated the dimensions and volume of ratmammary tumors and the association of these variables with tumor invasiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Tumors were measured by caliper and ultrasonography. Volume was determined by water displacement and by application of four formulas using tumor length (L), width (W) and depth (D) or tumor weight. RESULTS: Results confirmed the data obtained in our previous work, where we verified that mammary tumors grow as oblate spheroids. CONCLUSION: The determination of mammary tumor volume by applying the formula V=(4/3)×π×(L/2)×(L/2)×(D/2) is the best way to evaluate tumor volume in vivo. Beyond volume evaluation by water displacement, the determination on the basis of tumor weight is the most accurate way to evaluate tumor volume after animal sacrifice or tumor excision. According to our results, it is not possible to predict if a tumor is invasive or non-invasive by its dimensions, volume or weight. Future work in chemically-induced mammary cancer should use ultrasonography and water displacement or tumor weight to determine tumor volume in vivo and after animal sacrifice or tumor excision, respectively.
Authors: Antonieta Alvarado; Rui M Gil da Costa; Ana I Faustino-Rocha; Rita Ferreira; Carlos Lopes; Paula A Oliveira; Bruno Colaço Journal: Int J Exp Pathol Date: 2017-02 Impact factor: 1.925
Authors: Mónica Oliveira; Elisabete Nascimento-Gonçalves; Jessica Silva; Paula A Oliveira; Rita Ferreira; Luís Antunes; Regina Arantes-Rodrigues; Ana I Faustino-Rocha Journal: In Vivo Date: 2017 Nov-Dec Impact factor: 2.155