| Literature DB >> 27325902 |
W B Doriese1, K M Morgan1, D A Bennett1, E V Denison1, C P Fitzgerald1, J W Fowler1, J D Gard1, J P Hays-Wehle1, G C Hilton1, K D Irwin2, Y I Joe1, J A B Mates1, G C O'Neil1, C D Reintsema1, N O Robbins1, D R Schmidt1, D S Swetz1, H Tatsuno1, L R Vale1, J N Ullom1.
Abstract
Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a mature scheme for the readout of arrays of transition-edge sensors (TESs). TDM is based on superconducting-quantum-interference-device (SQUID) current amplifiers. Multiple spectrometers based on gamma-ray and X-ray microcalorimeters have been operated with TDM readout, each at the scale of 200 sensors per spectrometer, as have several astronomical cameras with thousands of sub-mm or microwave bolometers. Here we present the details of two different versions of our TDM system designed to read out X-ray TESs. The first has been field-deployed in two 160-sensor (8 columns × 20 rows) spectrometers and four 240-sensor (8 columns × 30 rows) spectrometers. It has a three-SQUID-stage architecture, switches rows every 320 ns, and has total readout noise of 0.41 μΦ0/√Hz. The second, which is presently under development, has a two-SQUID-stage architecture, switches rows every 160 ns, and has total readout noise of 0.19 μΦ0/√Hz. Both quoted noise values are non-multiplexed and referred to the first-stage SQUID. In a demonstration of this new architecture, a multiplexed 1-column × 32-row array of NIST TESs achieved average energy resolution of 2.55±0.01 eV at 6 keV.Entities:
Keywords: SQUID; X-ray; microcalorimeter; time-division multiplexer; transition-edge sensor
Year: 2016 PMID： 27325902 PMCID： PMC4912049 DOI： 10.1007/s10909-015-1373-z
Source DB: PubMed Journal: J Low Temp Phys ISSN： 0022-2291 Impact factor: 1.570