Angelina Isabella Mellentin1, Maria Brink2, Lene Andersen3, Annette Erlangsen4, Elsebeth Stenager5, Lene Berit Bjerregaard2, Erik Christiansen6. 1. Unit of Psychiatric Research, Institute of Regional Health Services Research, University of Southern Denmark, Åbenrå, Denmark; Unit of Psychiatric Research, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. Electronic address: amellentin@health.sdu.dk. 2. Unit of Psychiatric Research, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 3. Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 4. Research Unit, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, MD, USA. 5. Unit of Psychiatric Research, Institute of Regional Health Services Research, University of Southern Denmark, Åbenrå, Denmark; Unit of Psychiatric Research, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 6. Unit of Psychiatric Research, Institute of Regional Health Services Research, University of Southern Denmark, Åbenrå, Denmark; Research Unit, Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Abstract
AIM: Few population-based, family studies have examined associations between exposure to one vs. two parent(s) with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the risk of offspring developing substance use disorder (SUD). Moreover, these studies have focused solely on the development of AUD, and not SUD, in offspring. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether exposure to one vs. two parent(s) with AUD increases the risk of offspring developing SUD. METHODS: A population-based, cohort study was conducted in which offspring born in Denmark between 1983 and 1989 were followed through national registries until 2011. Register-based data were obtained from the: Psychiatric Central Research Register, National Patient Registry, Civil Registration System, Fertility Database, and Cause of Death Register. Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated using multivariate Cox-regression models. FINDINGS: A total of 398,881 offspring were included in this study. Of these, 3.9% had at least one parent with AUD. Parental AUD was significantly associated with the development of SUD in offspring. Having one parent with AUD was linked to a 1.44-fold increased risk (95% CL, 1.29-1.61), while having two parents with AUD was linked to a 2.29-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.64-3.20). No significant differences were found in relation to either parental or offspring gender. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to parental AUD is linked to an increased risk of offspring developing SUD. This risk is additive for offspring exposed to double parental AUD. The findings have important implications for clinical assessment and intervention strategies, as well as the management of offspring exposed to parental AUD.
AIM: Few population-based, family studies have examined associations between exposure to one vs. two parent(s) with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the risk of offspring developing substance use disorder (SUD). Moreover, these studies have focused solely on the development of AUD, and not SUD, in offspring. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether exposure to one vs. two parent(s) with AUD increases the risk of offspring developing SUD. METHODS: A population-based, cohort study was conducted in which offspring born in Denmark between 1983 and 1989 were followed through national registries until 2011. Register-based data were obtained from the: Psychiatric Central Research Register, National Patient Registry, Civil Registration System, Fertility Database, and Cause of Death Register. Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated using multivariate Cox-regression models. FINDINGS: A total of 398,881 offspring were included in this study. Of these, 3.9% had at least one parent with AUD. Parental AUD was significantly associated with the development of SUD in offspring. Having one parent with AUD was linked to a 1.44-fold increased risk (95% CL, 1.29-1.61), while having two parents with AUD was linked to a 2.29-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.64-3.20). No significant differences were found in relation to either parental or offspring gender. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to parental AUD is linked to an increased risk of offspring developing SUD. This risk is additive for offspring exposed to double parental AUD. The findings have important implications for clinical assessment and intervention strategies, as well as the management of offspring exposed to parental AUD.
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