BACKGROUND: Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against epidermal growth factor receptor. Emerging evidence showed improved efficacy with the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the data in oriental population are limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. METHODS: NSCLC patients receiving cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristic, efficacy, outcome and toxicity data were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 40 patients were enrolled into this study in which 29 were male, 36 with adenocarcinoma. In the 23 patients who had received palliative chemotherapy previously (with a median of 2 prior chemotherapy regimens), the median progression-free survival (PFS) after the last prior chemotherapy regimen was 2.3 months. For the overall population, 13 (32.5%) patients achieved partial response after cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy. Response rate were 52.9% (9/17) and 17.4% (4/23) in chemotherapy-naive patients and chemotherapy-treated patients, respectively (P=0.018). The median PFS was 4.8 months for the overall population. In chemotherapy-naive patients and chemotherapy-treated patients, the median PFS was 8.4 months and 4.1 months, respectively (P=0.062). The estimated median overall survival was 17.1 months. Toxicities were generally manageable and no treatment-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Cetuximab in addition to chemotherapy appears to be associated with promising efficacy and acceptable toxicity profile in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. Further validation is needed.
BACKGROUND:Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against epidermal growth factor receptor. Emerging evidence showed improved efficacy with the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the data in oriental population are limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. METHODS:NSCLCpatients receiving cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College were enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristic, efficacy, outcome and toxicity data were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 40 patients were enrolled into this study in which 29 were male, 36 with adenocarcinoma. In the 23 patients who had received palliative chemotherapy previously (with a median of 2 prior chemotherapy regimens), the median progression-free survival (PFS) after the last prior chemotherapy regimen was 2.3 months. For the overall population, 13 (32.5%) patients achieved partial response after cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy. Response rate were 52.9% (9/17) and 17.4% (4/23) in chemotherapy-naive patients and chemotherapy-treated patients, respectively (P=0.018). The median PFS was 4.8 months for the overall population. In chemotherapy-naive patients and chemotherapy-treated patients, the median PFS was 8.4 months and 4.1 months, respectively (P=0.062). The estimated median overall survival was 17.1 months. Toxicities were generally manageable and no treatment-related deaths occurred. CONCLUSIONS:Cetuximab in addition to chemotherapy appears to be associated with promising efficacy and acceptable toxicity profile in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC. Further validation is needed.
Kaplan-Meier estimates of progression-free survival for the entire population (A) and subgroups by history of chemotherapy (B)
无进展生存曲线:全组患者(A)以及有化疗史和无化疗史的亚组(B)Kaplan-Meier estimates of progression-free survival for the entire population (A) and subgroups by history of chemotherapy (B)
本研究探讨了西妥昔单抗联合化疗治疗我国晚期NSCLC的疗效与安全性。由于西妥昔单抗在我国尚未获得晚期NSCLC的适应证,并且药品较为昂贵,此类方案在我国临床应用较少。本组是国内较大宗的报告,并且大部分患者已发生进展或死亡,PFS和OS数据较为成熟。结果初步表明,西妥昔单抗联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC患者,可取得相对较高的缓解率、较长的PFS和OS。在本研究中,对于未接受过全身性抗肿瘤治疗的患者,此方案的缓解率为56.2%,中位PFS与中位OS分别为8.4个月与26.1个月,均优于历史数据[。在FLEX(First-Line ErbituX in lung cancer)研究中,未接受过化疗的晚期NSCLC患者被随机分为两组,一组患者使用西妥昔单抗联合长春瑞滨和顺铂方案,另一组接受长春瑞滨和顺铂方案单纯化疗。结果显示,在化疗基础上加用西妥昔单抗能提高缓解率,延长至治疗失败时间(time to treatment failure)和OS[。但该临床试验选用的化疗方案较为陈旧,临床应用日益减少,且不良反应较为严重。而本研究提供了西妥昔单抗联合较新的化疗方案治疗晚期NSCLC的新数据,初步提示其疗效和安全性均较好。此外,在FLEX研究中,使用西妥昔单抗联合化疗后,东方人群的生存期明显较西方人群更长,而本研究中患者生存期同样较长,与之是相符的。本研究中大部分患者接受过全身性抗肿瘤治疗。对于接受过化疗的患者,缓解率为17.4%,中位PFS为4.1个月。考虑到这些患者既往接受过中位2个化疗方案,本组疗效数据是相对理想的。鉴于本研究为单臂,我们采用同一组患者上一个化疗方案的缓解率和无进展生存期作为历史对照,进行探索性分析。对于既往接受过化疗的患者,西妥昔单抗联合化疗的缓解率与无进展生存期似乎均好于上一个化疗方案。临床研究[显示,西妥昔单抗联合伊立替康治疗对伊立替康耐药的晚期结直肠癌仍有一定疗效,提示西妥昔单抗具有逆转化疗耐药的作用。因此,值得探讨在NSCLC中,西妥昔单抗是否也具有逆转耐药的潜力。国外一项Ⅱ期临床研究[采用西妥昔单抗联合多西他赛治疗难治/耐药晚期NSCLC,缓解率为20%,中位至疾病进展时间(time to disease progression)为104 d。在Kim等[的Ⅲ期研究中,纳入了经含铂方案一线治疗后失败的晚期NSCLC患者,试验组或对照组作为二线治疗。试验组患者接受西妥昔单抗联合化疗(培美曲塞或多西他赛),对照组患者接受培美曲塞或多西他赛单药化疗,联合治疗组和单纯化疗组的缓解率、PFS和OS均无明显差异。遗憾的是,此研究中仅有8例亚裔患者接受了西妥昔单抗联合化疗,并且未报告这些患者的疗效数据。因此,其结论在中国患者中的适用性仍需要进一步证实。并且,Kim等[的研究也不能解答对于经二线以上化疗后的患者,化疗基础上加用西妥昔单抗能否提高疗效。本研究表明,西妥昔单抗联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC的安全性较好,但西妥昔单抗会在一定程度上加重不良反应。寻找合适预测指标来预判疗效和不良反应,提高治疗的获益/风险比,仍然是此类方案需要解决的重要问题。本项研究的不足之处在于为回顾性,可能存在偏倚。并且,样本量仍需要进一步积累,以得到更稳健的结果。总之,西妥昔单抗联合化疗有望提高中国晚期NSCLC患者的疗效,并且不良反应可耐受。这一结论需要更大样本的前瞻性研究证实。
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