Liang Hu1,2, Xie Peng1,2, Hong Chen3, Chuan Yan1,2, Yan Liu1,2, Qin Xu1,2, Zhengfeng Fang1,2, Yan Lin1,2, Shengyu Xu1,2, Bin Feng1,2, Jian Li1,2, Lianqiang Che4,5. 1. Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China. 2. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China. 3. College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China. 4. Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China. clianqiang@hotmail.com. 5. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, No. 46, Xinkang Road, Ya'an, 625014, Sichuan, China. clianqiang@hotmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and Bacillus subtilis PB6 supplementation in formula milk (FORM) on growth performance, intestinal development and immune function of neonates using a porcine model. METHODS: Fourteen pairs of normal birth weight and IUGR piglets (7 days old) were randomly assigned to receive FORM or FORM supplemented with B. subtilis PB6 (FORM-BsPB6) for a period of 21 days. Blood samples, intestinal tissues and digesta were collected at necropsy and analysed for morphology, digestive enzyme activities, immune cell abundance, expression of genes associated with innate immunity and barrier function and microbial populations. RESULTS: Regardless of diet, IUGR significantly decreased average daily dry matter intake and average daily weight gain (P < 0.05). Moreover, IUGR significantly decreased plasma concentrations of immunoglobulin A, interleukin 1β, count and percentage of blood lymphocytes (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, IUGR markedly decreased villous height and maltase activity, as well as mRNA abundance of Toll-like receptor 9 and Toll-interacting protein in the ileum (P < 0.05). Regardless of body weight, FORM-BsPB6 markedly decreased the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05), due to better intestinal development, as indicated by increased villous height (P < 0.05), activities of maltase and sucrase in the intestine (P < 0.10). Moreover, both mRNA and protein abundances of zonula occludens-1 and claudin-1 in the ileum as well as the copy number of Bacillus in colonic digesta were increased (P < 0.05) in piglets fed FORM-BsPB6 relative to FORM. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that IUGR delayed growth, intestinal development and immune function of piglets, while FORM-BsPB6 improved digestive capability and intestinal barrier function.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and Bacillus subtilis PB6 supplementation in formula milk (FORM) on growth performance, intestinal development and immune function of neonates using a porcine model. METHODS: Fourteen pairs of normal birth weight and IUGR piglets (7 days old) were randomly assigned to receive FORM or FORM supplemented with B. subtilis PB6 (FORM-BsPB6) for a period of 21 days. Blood samples, intestinal tissues and digesta were collected at necropsy and analysed for morphology, digestive enzyme activities, immune cell abundance, expression of genes associated with innate immunity and barrier function and microbial populations. RESULTS: Regardless of diet, IUGR significantly decreased average daily dry matter intake and average daily weight gain (P < 0.05). Moreover, IUGR significantly decreased plasma concentrations of immunoglobulin A, interleukin 1β, count and percentage of blood lymphocytes (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, IUGR markedly decreased villous height and maltase activity, as well as mRNA abundance of Toll-like receptor 9 and Toll-interacting protein in the ileum (P < 0.05). Regardless of body weight, FORM-BsPB6 markedly decreased the feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05), due to better intestinal development, as indicated by increased villous height (P < 0.05), activities of maltase and sucrase in the intestine (P < 0.10). Moreover, both mRNA and protein abundances of zonula occludens-1 and claudin-1 in the ileum as well as the copy number of Bacillus in colonic digesta were increased (P < 0.05) in piglets fed FORM-BsPB6 relative to FORM. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that IUGR delayed growth, intestinal development and immune function of piglets, while FORM-BsPB6 improved digestive capability and intestinal barrier function.
Authors: Mei Wang; Emily C Radlowski; Marcia H Monaco; George C Fahey; H Rex Gaskins; Sharon M Donovan Journal: J Nutr Date: 2013-04-24 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Clare H Gaukroger; Christopher J Stewart; Sandra A Edwards; John Walshaw; Ian P Adams; Ilias Kyriazakis Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2020-06-11 Impact factor: 5.640