Henrique Nascimento1,2,3, Emília Vieira4, Susana Coimbra3,5, Cristina Catarino1,2,3, Elísio Costa1,2,3, Elsa Bronze-da-Rocha1,2,3, Petronila Rocha-Pereira6, Márcia Carvalho7, Helena Ferreira Mansilha8, Carla Rêgo9, Rosário Dos Santos4, Alice Santos-Silva1,2,3, Luís Belo1,2,3. 1. 1 IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal . 2. 2 Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), Universidade do Porto , Porto, Portugal . 3. 3 UCIBIO\REQUIMTE, Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal . 4. 4 Molecular Genetics Unit, Medical Genetics Center Dr. Jacinto de Magalhães , Porto Hospital Centre, Porto, Portugal . 5. 5 CESPU, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS) , Gandra-PRD, Portugal . 6. 6 Health Science Research Centre, University of Beira Interior , Covilhã, Portugal . 7. 7 FP-ENAS, CEBIMED, Fundação Ensino e Cultura Fernando Pessoa , Porto, Portugal . 8. 8 Childhood and Adolescence Department of CMIN (Centro Materno-Infantil do Norte), Porto Hospital Centre, ICBAS (Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar), University of Porto , Porto, Portugal . 9. 9 Children and Adolescent Centre, CUF Hospital, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto , Porto, Portugal .
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The genetic contribution to obesity and to circulating adipokine levels has not been completely clarified. We aimed to evaluate adipokine genes' single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prevalence and its association with circulating adipokine levels and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in an obese Portuguese pediatric population. METHODS: Two hundred forty-eight obese adolescents (mean age 13.4 years old; 47.2% females) participated in a cohort study. We screened 12 SNPs by direct sequencing in five adipokine genes: adiponectin (ADIPOQ: rs16861194, rs17300539, rs266729, rs2241766, rs1501299), interleukin-1β (IL-1β; rs1143627), IL-6 (IL-6; rs1800795), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; rs1800629), and resistin (RETN; rs1862513, rs3219177, rs3745367, rs3745368). Biochemical analysis included determination of circulating adipokines, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lipid profile, and markers of insulin resistance. RESULTS: Compared to males, females presented higher circulating levels of insulin, adiponectin, IL-6, resistin, and leptin concentrations, but lower TNF-α levels. No statistically significant differences were found for genotype or allelic distributions between genders. In the whole sample population, adiponectin levels were influenced by ADIPOQ rs17300539 (c.-1138G>A; lower in subjects with GG genotype). When only males were considered, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were associated with ADIPOQ rs1501299 (c.214 + 62G>T; higher in GG subjects). TNF-α concentrations were modulated by TNF-α rs1800629 (c.-488G>A; lower in GG males), RETN rs1862513 (c.-216C>G; higher in CC subjects), and RETN rs3219177 (c.118 + 39C>T; higher in CC subjects). Leptin levels were influenced by IL-1β rs1143627 (c.-118C>T) presenting TT individuals' lower levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that in pediatric obese patients, some adipokine gene SNPs have an association with circulating adipokine levels and lipid profile.
BACKGROUND: The genetic contribution to obesity and to circulating adipokine levels has not been completely clarified. We aimed to evaluate adipokine genes' single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) prevalence and its association with circulating adipokine levels and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in an obese Portuguese pediatric population. METHODS: Two hundred forty-eight obese adolescents (mean age 13.4 years old; 47.2% females) participated in a cohort study. We screened 12 SNPs by direct sequencing in five adipokine genes: adiponectin (ADIPOQ: rs16861194, rs17300539, rs266729, rs2241766, rs1501299), interleukin-1β (IL-1β; rs1143627), IL-6 (IL-6; rs1800795), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; rs1800629), and resistin (RETN; rs1862513, rs3219177, rs3745367, rs3745368). Biochemical analysis included determination of circulating adipokines, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, lipid profile, and markers of insulin resistance. RESULTS: Compared to males, females presented higher circulating levels of insulin, adiponectin, IL-6, resistin, and leptin concentrations, but lower TNF-α levels. No statistically significant differences were found for genotype or allelic distributions between genders. In the whole sample population, adiponectin levels were influenced by ADIPOQrs17300539 (c.-1138G>A; lower in subjects with GG genotype). When only males were considered, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were associated with ADIPOQrs1501299 (c.214 + 62G>T; higher in GG subjects). TNF-α concentrations were modulated by TNF-α rs1800629 (c.-488G>A; lower in GG males), RETNrs1862513 (c.-216C>G; higher in CC subjects), and RETNrs3219177 (c.118 + 39C>T; higher in CC subjects). Leptin levels were influenced by IL-1β rs1143627 (c.-118C>T) presenting TT individuals' lower levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that in pediatric obesepatients, some adipokine gene SNPs have an association with circulating adipokine levels and lipid profile.