Zoltan Pataky1, Laurence Genton2, Laurent Spahr3, Vladimir Lazarevic4, Sylvain Terraz5, Nadia Gaïa4, Laura Rubbia-Brandt6, Alain Golay7, Jacques Schrenzel4, Claude Pichard2. 1. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. zoltan.pataky@hcuge.ch. 2. Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 3. Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 4. Genomic Research Lab, Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 5. Radiology, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 6. Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 7. Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: NAFLD is likely to become the most common cause of chronic liver disease. The first-line treatment includes weight loss. AIMS: To analyze the impact of a hypocaloric hyperproteic diet (HHD) on gut microbiota in NAFLD patients. METHODS: Fifteen overweight/obese patients with NAFLD were included. At baseline and after a 3-week HHD (Eurodiets(®), ~1000 kcal/day, ~125 g protein/day), we measured gut microbiota composition and function by shotgun metagenomics; body weight; body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis; liver and visceral fat by magnetic resonance imaging; plasma C-reactive protein (CRP); and liver tests. Results between both time points, expressed as median (first and third quartile), were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. RESULTS: At baseline, age was 50 (47-55) years and body mass index 34.6 (32.4, 36.7) kg/m(2). HDD decreased body weight by 3.6 % (p < 0.001), percent liver fat by 65 % (p < 0.001), and CRP by 19 % (p = 0.014). HDD was associated with a decrease in Lachnospira (p = 0.019), an increase in Blautia (p = 0.026), Butyricicoccus (p = 0.024), and changes in several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Bacteroidales and Clostridiales. The reduced liver fat was negatively correlated with bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla (a Ruminococcaceae OTU, r = -0.83; Bacteroides, r = -0.73). The associated metabolic changes concerned mostly enzymes involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, HHD changes gut microbiota composition and function in overweight/obese NAFLD patients, in parallel with decreased body weight, liver fat, and systemic inflammation. Future studies should aim to confirm these bacterial changes and understand their mode of action. TRAIL REGISTRATION: Under clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01477307.
BACKGROUND: NAFLD is likely to become the most common cause of chronic liver disease. The first-line treatment includes weight loss. AIMS: To analyze the impact of a hypocaloric hyperproteic diet (HHD) on gut microbiota in NAFLD patients. METHODS: Fifteen overweight/obesepatients with NAFLD were included. At baseline and after a 3-week HHD (Eurodiets(®), ~1000 kcal/day, ~125 g protein/day), we measured gut microbiota composition and function by shotgun metagenomics; body weight; body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis; liver and visceral fat by magnetic resonance imaging; plasma C-reactive protein (CRP); and liver tests. Results between both time points, expressed as median (first and third quartile), were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. RESULTS: At baseline, age was 50 (47-55) years and body mass index 34.6 (32.4, 36.7) kg/m(2). HDD decreased body weight by 3.6 % (p < 0.001), percent liver fat by 65 % (p < 0.001), and CRP by 19 % (p = 0.014). HDD was associated with a decrease in Lachnospira (p = 0.019), an increase in Blautia (p = 0.026), Butyricicoccus (p = 0.024), and changes in several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Bacteroidales and Clostridiales. The reduced liver fat was negatively correlated with bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla (a Ruminococcaceae OTU, r = -0.83; Bacteroides, r = -0.73). The associated metabolic changes concerned mostly enzymes involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, HHD changes gut microbiota composition and function in overweight/obese NAFLD patients, in parallel with decreased body weight, liver fat, and systemic inflammation. Future studies should aim to confirm these bacterial changes and understand their mode of action. TRAIL REGISTRATION: Under clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01477307.
Authors: Manimozhiyan Arumugam; Jeroen Raes; Eric Pelletier; Denis Le Paslier; Takuji Yamada; Daniel R Mende; Gabriel R Fernandes; Julien Tap; Thomas Bruls; Jean-Michel Batto; Marcelo Bertalan; Natalia Borruel; Francesc Casellas; Leyden Fernandez; Laurent Gautier; Torben Hansen; Masahira Hattori; Tetsuya Hayashi; Michiel Kleerebezem; Ken Kurokawa; Marion Leclerc; Florence Levenez; Chaysavanh Manichanh; H Bjørn Nielsen; Trine Nielsen; Nicolas Pons; Julie Poulain; Junjie Qin; Thomas Sicheritz-Ponten; Sebastian Tims; David Torrents; Edgardo Ugarte; Erwin G Zoetendal; Jun Wang; Francisco Guarner; Oluf Pedersen; Willem M de Vos; Søren Brunak; Joel Doré; María Antolín; François Artiguenave; Hervé M Blottiere; Mathieu Almeida; Christian Brechot; Carlos Cara; Christian Chervaux; Antonella Cultrone; Christine Delorme; Gérard Denariaz; Rozenn Dervyn; Konrad U Foerstner; Carsten Friss; Maarten van de Guchte; Eric Guedon; Florence Haimet; Wolfgang Huber; Johan van Hylckama-Vlieg; Alexandre Jamet; Catherine Juste; Ghalia Kaci; Jan Knol; Omar Lakhdari; Severine Layec; Karine Le Roux; Emmanuelle Maguin; Alexandre Mérieux; Raquel Melo Minardi; Christine M'rini; Jean Muller; Raish Oozeer; Julian Parkhill; Pierre Renault; Maria Rescigno; Nicolas Sanchez; Shinichi Sunagawa; Antonio Torrejon; Keith Turner; Gaetana Vandemeulebrouck; Encarna Varela; Yohanan Winogradsky; Georg Zeller; Jean Weissenbach; S Dusko Ehrlich; Peer Bork Journal: Nature Date: 2011-04-20 Impact factor: 49.962