Ajay K Parsaik1, Sonia S Mascarenhas, Aqeel Hashmi, Larry J Prokop, Vineeth John, Olaoluwa Okusaga, Balwinder Singh. 1. PARSAIK, HASHMI, JOHN, and OKUSAGA: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TXMASCARENHAS: Health Care Management, London Training College, London, UKPROKOP: Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MNSINGH: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review was to consolidate the evidence concerning the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (onabotulinumtoxinA) in depression. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Scopus through May 5, 2014, for studies evaluating the efficacy of botulinum toxin A in depression. Only randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. A pooled mean difference in primary depression score, and pooled odds ratio for response and remission rate with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran Q test and χ statistic. RESULTS: Of the 639 articles that were initially retrieved, 5 studies enrolling 194 subjects (age 49±9.6 y) were included in the systematic review, and 3 randomized controlled trials enrolling 134 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in mean primary depression scores among patients who received botulinum toxin A compared with placebo (-9.80; 95% CI, -12.90 to -6.69) with modest heterogeneity between the studies (Cochran Q test, χ=70). Response and remission rates were 8.3 and 4.6 times higher, respectively, among patients receiving botulinum toxin A compared with placebo, with no heterogeneity between the studies. The 2 studies excluded from the meta-analysis also found a significant decrease in primary depression scores in patients after receiving botulinum toxin A. A few subjects had minor side effects, which were similar between the groups receiving botulinum toxin and those receiving placebo. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that botulinum toxin A can produce significant improvement in depressive symptoms and is a safe adjunctive treatment for patients receiving pharmacotherapy for depression. Future trials are needed to evaluate the antidepressant effect per se of botulinum toxin A and to further elucidate the underlying antidepressant mechanism of botulinum toxin A.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review was to consolidate the evidence concerning the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (onabotulinumtoxinA) in depression. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Scopus through May 5, 2014, for studies evaluating the efficacy of botulinum toxin A in depression. Only randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. A pooled mean difference in primary depression score, and pooled odds ratio for response and remission rate with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran Q test and χ statistic. RESULTS: Of the 639 articles that were initially retrieved, 5 studies enrolling 194 subjects (age 49±9.6 y) were included in the systematic review, and 3 randomized controlled trials enrolling 134 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in mean primary depression scores among patients who received botulinum toxin A compared with placebo (-9.80; 95% CI, -12.90 to -6.69) with modest heterogeneity between the studies (Cochran Q test, χ=70). Response and remission rates were 8.3 and 4.6 times higher, respectively, among patients receiving botulinum toxin A compared with placebo, with no heterogeneity between the studies. The 2 studies excluded from the meta-analysis also found a significant decrease in primary depression scores in patients after receiving botulinum toxin A. A few subjects had minor side effects, which were similar between the groups receiving botulinum toxin and those receiving placebo. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that botulinum toxin A can produce significant improvement in depressive symptoms and is a safe adjunctive treatment for patients receiving pharmacotherapy for depression. Future trials are needed to evaluate the antidepressant effect per se of botulinum toxin A and to further elucidate the underlying antidepressant mechanism of botulinum toxin A.
Authors: Nicholas A Coles; David S March; Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos; Jeff T Larsen; Nwadiogo C Arinze; Izuchukwu L G Ndukaihe; Megan L Willis; Francesco Foroni; Niv Reggev; Aviv Mokady; Patrick S Forscher; John F Hunter; Gwenaël Kaminski; Elif Yüvrük; Aycan Kapucu; Tamás Nagy; Nandor Hajdu; Julian Tejada; Raquel M K Freitag; Danilo Zambrano; Bidisha Som; Balazs Aczel; Krystian Barzykowski; Sylwia Adamus; Katarzyna Filip; Yuki Yamada; Ayumi Ikeda; Daniel L Eaves; Carmel A Levitan; Sydney Leiweke; Michal Parzuchowski; Natalie Butcher; Gerit Pfuhl; Dana M Basnight-Brown; José A Hinojosa; Pedro R Montoro; Lady G Javela D; Kevin Vezirian; Hans IJzerman; Natalia Trujillo; Sarah D Pressman; Pascal M Gygax; Asil A Özdoğru; Susana Ruiz-Fernandez; Phoebe C Ellsworth; Lowell Gaertner; Fritz Strack; Marco Marozzi; Marco Tullio Liuzza Journal: Nat Hum Behav Date: 2022-10-20
Authors: Oreste Affatato; Thiago C Moulin; Claudia Pisanu; Victoria S Babasieva; Marco Russo; Elif I Aydinlar; Paola Torelli; Vladimir N Chubarev; Vadim V Tarasov; Helgi B Schiöth; Jessica Mwinyi Journal: J Transl Med Date: 2021-03-31 Impact factor: 5.531