Satoshi Hibino1,2, Takuhito Nagai3, Satoshi Yamakawa3, Hidekazu Ito3, Kazuki Tanaka3, Osamu Uemura3. 1. Pediatric Nephrology, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan. satohibino@yahoo.co.jp. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. satohibino@yahoo.co.jp. 3. Pediatric Nephrology, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The suitable dosage regime of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) based on the pharmacokinetics of mycophenoric acid (MPA) for pediatric patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is controversial. The pharmacokinetics of MPA is influenced by renal function, serum albumin concentration, and concomitant medications, especially calcineurin inhibitors. This study analyzed the pharmacokinetics of MPA in clinically stable children with INS receiving cyclosporine (CyA). METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled children with INS receiving MMF (Cellcept®) (30-40 mg/kg/day in two divided doses) combined with CyA (Neoral®) without relapse and renal dysfunction. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) calculated by the trapezoid method, were calculated from seven serial blood samples. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients (22 males) of median age 11.0 years were included; 32 pharmacokinetic studies were performed. The median MMF dose was 16.2 mg/kg/time or 470.4 mg/m2/time. The median AUC0-12 was 44.3 ng h/mL. AUC0-12 of all patients showed excellent correlations with C2 (r 2 = 0.6405, P < 0.0001), resulting in a regression formula of AUC0-12 = 21.971 + 2.6059 C2. Comparisons of dose/body weight-normalized AUC0-12 values among age groups showed a lower value in the youngest group (≤5 years). CONCLUSION: In children with clinically stable INS receiving CyA, C2 monitoring was the most useful single parameter for estimating MPA pharmacokinetics. Younger children required higher MMF doses.
BACKGROUND: The suitable dosage regime of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) based on the pharmacokinetics of mycophenoric acid (MPA) for pediatric patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is controversial. The pharmacokinetics of MPA is influenced by renal function, serum albumin concentration, and concomitant medications, especially calcineurin inhibitors. This study analyzed the pharmacokinetics of MPA in clinically stable children with INS receiving cyclosporine (CyA). METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled children with INS receiving MMF (Cellcept®) (30-40 mg/kg/day in two divided doses) combined with CyA (Neoral®) without relapse and renal dysfunction. Pharmacokinetic parameters, including the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) calculated by the trapezoid method, were calculated from seven serial blood samples. RESULTS: Thirty-two patients (22 males) of median age 11.0 years were included; 32 pharmacokinetic studies were performed. The median MMF dose was 16.2 mg/kg/time or 470.4 mg/m2/time. The median AUC0-12 was 44.3 ng h/mL. AUC0-12 of all patients showed excellent correlations with C2 (r 2 = 0.6405, P < 0.0001), resulting in a regression formula of AUC0-12 = 21.971 + 2.6059 C2. Comparisons of dose/body weight-normalized AUC0-12 values among age groups showed a lower value in the youngest group (≤5 years). CONCLUSION: In children with clinically stable INS receiving CyA, C2 monitoring was the most useful single parameter for estimating MPA pharmacokinetics. Younger children required higher MMF doses.
Authors: J M Vergara Chozas; A Sáez-Benito Godino; N Zopeque García; S García Pinteño; I Joumady; C Carrasco García; F Vara Gil Journal: Transplant Proc Date: 2012-11 Impact factor: 1.066
Authors: Lutz T Weber; Britta Hoecker; Victor W Armstrong; Michael Oellerich; Burkhard Tönshoff Journal: Ther Drug Monit Date: 2008-10 Impact factor: 3.681