Gail B Rattinger1, Elizabeth B Fauth2, Stephanie Behrens3, Chelsea Sanders3, Sarah Schwartz4, Maria C Norton5, Chris Corcoran4, C Daniel Mullins6, Constantine G Lyketsos7, JoAnn T Tschanz8. 1. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA; Pharmacy Practice Division, School of Pharmacy, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Florham Park, NJ, USA. 2. Department of Family, Consumer and Human Development, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. 3. Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. 4. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Epidemiologic Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. 5. Department of Family, Consumer and Human Development, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Epidemiologic Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. 6. Pharmaceutical Health Services Research Department, University of Maryland Baltimore School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA. 7. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA. 8. Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA; Center for Epidemiologic Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. Electronic address: joann.tschanz@usu.edu.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Identifying factors associated with lower dementia care costs is essential. We examined whether two caregiver factors were associated with lower costs of informal care. METHODS: A total of 271 care dyads of the Cache County Dementia Study were included. Estimates of informal costs were based on caregiver reports of time spent in care-related activities and inflation-adjusted 2012 Utah median hourly wages. Caregiver coping and emotional closeness with the care-recipient were assessed using the Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised and Relationship Closeness Scale, respectively. RESULTS: Higher closeness was associated with 24% lower costs (expβ = 0.763 [95% confidence interval: 0.583-0.999]) in linear mixed models controlling for demographics and baseline dementia severity and duration. Problem-focused coping was not associated with informal costs (P = .354). DISCUSSION: Caregiver closeness, a potentially modifiable factor, predicted lower dementia informal care costs over time. Future studies examining the care environment in closer dyads may identify specific care-related behaviors or strategies that are associated with lower costs.
INTRODUCTION: Identifying factors associated with lower dementia care costs is essential. We examined whether two caregiver factors were associated with lower costs of informal care. METHODS: A total of 271 care dyads of the Cache County Dementia Study were included. Estimates of informal costs were based on caregiver reports of time spent in care-related activities and inflation-adjusted 2012 Utah median hourly wages. Caregiver coping and emotional closeness with the care-recipient were assessed using the Ways of Coping Checklist-Revised and Relationship Closeness Scale, respectively. RESULTS: Higher closeness was associated with 24% lower costs (expβ = 0.763 [95% confidence interval: 0.583-0.999]) in linear mixed models controlling for demographics and baseline dementia severity and duration. Problem-focused coping was not associated with informal costs (P = .354). DISCUSSION: Caregiver closeness, a potentially modifiable factor, predicted lower dementia informal care costs over time. Future studies examining the care environment in closer dyads may identify specific care-related behaviors or strategies that are associated with lower costs.
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