Thomas Reinehr1, Beate Karges2, Thomas Meissner3, Susanna Wiegand4, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner5, Reinhard W Holl6, Joachim Woelfle7. 1. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Hospital for Children and Adolescents Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany. Electronic address: T.Reinehr@kinderklinik-datteln.de. 2. Medical Faculty, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Germany. 3. Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany. 4. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité Children's Hospital Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. 5. Department of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany. 6. Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Zentralinstitut für Biomedizinische Technik, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), University of Ulm, Germany. 7. Pediatric Endocrinology Division, Children's Hospital, University of Bonn, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To analyze inflammatory markers, adipokines, and hepatokines in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). STUDY DESIGN: We studied high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ, the hepatokines (fetuin-A and fibroblast growth factor [FGF]-21), and the adipokines (adiponectin and leptin) in a cross-sectional study of 74 predominately Caucasian adolescents with T2DM aged 12-18 years and in 74 body mass index (BMI)-, age-, and sex-matched controls. RESULTS: Adolescents with T2DM had significantly higher concentrations of hsCRP, TNF-α, and interleukin-1β compared with obese controls without T2DM. Interferon-γ was not detectable in obese adolescents with or without T2DM. In multiple linear regression analysis, hsCRP was significantly associated with FGF-21 and BMI, but not with hemoglobin A1c, adiponectin, leptin, fetuin-A, sex, or age. TNF-α was significantly related negatively to leptin, positively to BMI, but not to hemoglobin A1c, adiponectin, fetuin-A, FGF-21 sex, or age in multiple linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Increased inflammatory markers are associated with T2DM in adolescents. Because hsCRP was related to FGF-21 and TNF-α was associated with leptin, these findings suggest a link between increased levels of these adipokines and hepatokines and chronic inflammation. Future longitudinal studies in humans are necessary to confirm these hypotheses.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze inflammatory markers, adipokines, and hepatokines in obese adolescents with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). STUDY DESIGN: We studied high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ, the hepatokines (fetuin-A and fibroblast growth factor [FGF]-21), and the adipokines (adiponectin and leptin) in a cross-sectional study of 74 predominately Caucasian adolescents with T2DM aged 12-18 years and in 74 body mass index (BMI)-, age-, and sex-matched controls. RESULTS: Adolescents with T2DM had significantly higher concentrations of hsCRP, TNF-α, and interleukin-1β compared with obese controls without T2DM. Interferon-γ was not detectable in obese adolescents with or without T2DM. In multiple linear regression analysis, hsCRP was significantly associated with FGF-21 and BMI, but not with hemoglobin A1c, adiponectin, leptin, fetuin-A, sex, or age. TNF-α was significantly related negatively to leptin, positively to BMI, but not to hemoglobin A1c, adiponectin, fetuin-A, FGF-21 sex, or age in multiple linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Increased inflammatory markers are associated with T2DM in adolescents. Because hsCRP was related to FGF-21 and TNF-α was associated with leptin, these findings suggest a link between increased levels of these adipokines and hepatokines and chronic inflammation. Future longitudinal studies in humans are necessary to confirm these hypotheses.
Authors: F Roshanzamir; M Miraghajani; M H Rouhani; M Mansourian; R Ghiasvand; S M Safavi Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2017-06-22 Impact factor: 4.256
Authors: Magnus Dencker; Daniel Arvidsson; Magnus K Karlsson; Per Wollmer; Lars B Andersen; Ola Thorsson Journal: Eur J Pediatr Date: 2018-01-11 Impact factor: 3.183