Samuel D Kaffenberger1, Christopher E Barbieri. 1. aUrology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center bDepartment of Urology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The recent publication of The Cancer Genome Atlas molecular taxonomy of primary prostate cancer highlights the increased understanding of the genomic basis of human prostate cancer, but also emphasizes the complexity and heterogeneity of prostate cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: Seven molecular subclasses have been defined on the basis of early genomic alterations, which are largely mutually exclusive. SUMMARY: We review the recent advances in the genomic understanding of human prostate cancer, with focus on molecular subclassification. Broadly, prostate cancer can be classified based upon whether specific genomic rearrangements, such as the Transmembrane Protease, Serine 2-ETS-related gene fusion occur or whether specific alterations such as Speckle-type POZ protein and forkhead box A1 mutations occur. The molecular drivers remain to be identified in a further quarter of human prostate cancers. Depending upon the molecular subclassification and the coincident genomic alterations, specific clinical insights can be gained from this information, including associations with pathologic factors, race, and prognosis, as well as the possibility for future precision therapies.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The recent publication of The Cancer Genome Atlas molecular taxonomy of primary prostate cancer highlights the increased understanding of the genomic basis of human prostate cancer, but also emphasizes the complexity and heterogeneity of prostate cancer. RECENT FINDINGS: Seven molecular subclasses have been defined on the basis of early genomic alterations, which are largely mutually exclusive. SUMMARY: We review the recent advances in the genomic understanding of human prostate cancer, with focus on molecular subclassification. Broadly, prostate cancer can be classified based upon whether specific genomic rearrangements, such as the Transmembrane Protease, Serine 2-ETS-related gene fusion occur or whether specific alterations such as Speckle-type POZ protein and forkhead box A1 mutations occur. The molecular drivers remain to be identified in a further quarter of human prostate cancers. Depending upon the molecular subclassification and the coincident genomic alterations, specific clinical insights can be gained from this information, including associations with pathologic factors, race, and prognosis, as well as the possibility for future precision therapies.
Authors: Ujunwa C Okoye-Okafor; Boris Bartholdy; Jessy Cartier; Enoch N Gao; Beth Pietrak; Alan R Rendina; Cynthia Rominger; Chad Quinn; Angela Smallwood; Kenneth J Wiggall; Alexander J Reif; Stanley J Schmidt; Hongwei Qi; Huizhen Zhao; Gerard Joberty; Maria Faelth-Savitski; Marcus Bantscheff; Gerard Drewes; Chaya Duraiswami; Pat Brady; Arthur Groy; Swathi-Rao Narayanagari; Iléana Antony-Debre; Kelly Mitchell; Heng Rui Wang; Yun-Ruei Kao; Maximilian Christopeit; Luis Carvajal; Laura Barreyro; Elisabeth Paietta; Hideki Makishima; Britta Will; Nestor Concha; Nicholas D Adams; Benjamin Schwartz; Michael T McCabe; Jaroslav Maciejewski; Amit Verma; Ulrich Steidl Journal: Nat Chem Biol Date: 2015-10-05 Impact factor: 15.040
Authors: Paula Paulo; João D Barros-Silva; Franclim R Ribeiro; João Ramalho-Carvalho; Carmen Jerónimo; Rui Henrique; Guro E Lind; Rolf I Skotheim; Ragnhild A Lothe; Manuel R Teixeira Journal: Genes Chromosomes Cancer Date: 2011-11-12 Impact factor: 5.006
Authors: Jacques Lapointe; Chunde Li; Craig P Giacomini; Keyan Salari; Stephanie Huang; Pei Wang; Michelle Ferrari; Tina Hernandez-Boussard; James D Brooks; Jonathan R Pollack Journal: Cancer Res Date: 2007-09-15 Impact factor: 12.701
Authors: Kyung Park; James T Dalton; Ramesh Narayanan; Christopher E Barbieri; Michael L Hancock; David G Bostwick; Mitchell S Steiner; Mark A Rubin Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2013-12-02 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Jacques Lapointe; Chunde Li; John P Higgins; Matt van de Rijn; Eric Bair; Kelli Montgomery; Michelle Ferrari; Lars Egevad; Walter Rayford; Ulf Bergerheim; Peter Ekman; Angelo M DeMarzo; Robert Tibshirani; David Botstein; Patrick O Brown; James D Brooks; Jonathan R Pollack Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2004-01-07 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Farzana A Faisal; Debasish Sundi; Jeffrey J Tosoian; Voleak Choeurng; Mohammed Alshalalfa; Ashley E Ross; Eric Klein; Robert Den; Adam Dicker; Nicholas Erho; Elai Davicioni; Tamara L Lotan; Edward M Schaeffer Journal: Eur Urol Date: 2015-10-09 Impact factor: 20.096
Authors: Sven Perner; Juan-Miguel Mosquera; Francesca Demichelis; Matthias D Hofer; Pamela L Paris; Jeff Simko; Colin Collins; Tarek A Bismar; Arul M Chinnaiyan; Angelo M De Marzo; Mark A Rubin Journal: Am J Surg Pathol Date: 2007-06 Impact factor: 6.394
Authors: D Lee; J Fontugne; N Gumpeni; K Park; T Y MacDonald; B D Robinson; A Sboner; M A Rubin; J M Mosquera; C E Barbieri Journal: Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 5.554
Authors: Andrea Bakker; Jonathan C Slack; Nalla Palanisamy; Shannon Carskadon; Sunita Ghosh; Ibrahim Khalifeh; Tarek A Bismar Journal: J Cancer Res Clin Oncol Date: 2022-08-18 Impact factor: 4.322
Authors: Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri; Eva K F Chan; Desiree C Petersen; Claire Yang; Peter I Croucher; M S Riana Bornman; Palak Sheth; Vanessa M Hayes Journal: Oncotarget Date: 2017-04-04
Authors: Constantin Georgescu; Joshua M Corbin; Sandra Thibivilliers; Zachary D Webb; Yan D Zhao; Jan Koster; Kar-Ming Fung; Adam S Asch; Jonathan D Wren; Maria J Ruiz-Echevarría Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2019-05-06 Impact factor: 4.430
Authors: Kristina Totland Carm; Andreas M Hoff; Anne Cathrine Bakken; Ulrika Axcrona; Karol Axcrona; Ragnhild A Lothe; Rolf I Skotheim; Marthe Løvf Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2019-09-19 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Hatem Abou-Ouf; Hisham Assem; Sunita Ghosh; R Jeffrey Karnes; Konstantin Stoletov; Nallasivam Palanisamy; John D Lewis; Tarek A Bismar Journal: Eur Urol Open Sci Date: 2020-12-02