Clemens Kratochwil1, Frederik L Giesel2, Melsa Stefanova3, Martina Benešová4, Marcus Bronzel5, Ali Afshar-Oromieh2, Walter Mier3, Matthias Eder4, Klaus Kopka4, Uwe Haberkorn2. 1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany clemens.kratochwil@med.uni-heidelberg.de. 2. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Clinical Cooperation Unit Nuclear Medicine, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany. 3. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. 4. Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany; and. 5. ABX-CRO, Dresden, Germany.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an excellent target for radionuclide therapy of metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Besides high affinity and long tumor retention, the DOTA-conjugated ligand PSMA-617 has low kidney uptake, making it an excellent choice for therapeutic application. We retrospectively report our experience with (177)Lu-PSMA-617-targeted radionuclide therapy in a case series of mCRPC patients resistant to other treatments. METHODS: Patients with PSMA-positive tumor phenotypes were selected by molecular imaging. Thirty patients received 1-3 cycles of (177)Lu-PSMA-617. During therapy, pharmacokinetics and radiation dosimetry were evaluated. Blood cell count was checked every 2 wk after the first and every 4 wk after succeeding cycles. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was determined every 4 wk. Radiologic restaging was performed after 3 cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-one of 30 patients had a PSA response; in 13 of 30 the PSA decreased more than 50%. After 3 cycles, 8 of 11 patients achieved a sustained PSA response (>50%) for over 24 wk, which also correlated with radiologic response (decreased lesion number and size). Normally, acute hematotoxicity was mild. Diffuse bone marrow involvement was a risk factor for higher grade myelosuppression but could be identified by PSMA imaging in advance. Xerostomia, nausea, and fatigue occurred sporadically (<10%). Clearance of non-tumor-bound tracer was predominantly renal and widely completed by 48 h. Safety dosimetry revealed kidney doses of approximately 0.75 Gy/GBq, red marrow doses of 0.03 Gy/GBq, and salivary gland doses of 1.4 Gy/GBq, irrespective of tumor burden and consistent on subsequent cycles. Mean tumor-absorbed dose ranged from 6 to 22 Gy/GBq during cycle 1. CONCLUSION: (177)Lu-PSMA-617 is a promising new option for therapy of mCRPC and deserves more attention in larger prospective trials.
UNLABELLED: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an excellent target for radionuclide therapy of metastasized castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Besides high affinity and long tumor retention, the DOTA-conjugated ligand PSMA-617 has low kidney uptake, making it an excellent choice for therapeutic application. We retrospectively report our experience with (177)Lu-PSMA-617-targeted radionuclide therapy in a case series of mCRPC patients resistant to other treatments. METHODS:Patients with PSMA-positive tumor phenotypes were selected by molecular imaging. Thirty patients received 1-3 cycles of (177)Lu-PSMA-617. During therapy, pharmacokinetics and radiation dosimetry were evaluated. Blood cell count was checked every 2 wk after the first and every 4 wk after succeeding cycles. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was determined every 4 wk. Radiologic restaging was performed after 3 cycles. RESULTS: Twenty-one of 30 patients had a PSA response; in 13 of 30 the PSA decreased more than 50%. After 3 cycles, 8 of 11 patients achieved a sustained PSA response (>50%) for over 24 wk, which also correlated with radiologic response (decreased lesion number and size). Normally, acute hematotoxicity was mild. Diffuse bone marrow involvement was a risk factor for higher grade myelosuppression but could be identified by PSMA imaging in advance. Xerostomia, nausea, and fatigue occurred sporadically (<10%). Clearance of non-tumor-bound tracer was predominantly renal and widely completed by 48 h. Safety dosimetry revealed kidney doses of approximately 0.75 Gy/GBq, red marrow doses of 0.03 Gy/GBq, and salivary gland doses of 1.4 Gy/GBq, irrespective of tumor burden and consistent on subsequent cycles. Mean tumor-absorbed dose ranged from 6 to 22 Gy/GBq during cycle 1. CONCLUSION: (177)Lu-PSMA-617 is a promising new option for therapy of mCRPC and deserves more attention in larger prospective trials.
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