Edelmiro Menéndez1, Elías Delgado2, Francisco Fernández-Vega3, Miguel A Prieto4, Elena Bordiú5, Alfonso Calle6, Rafael Carmena7, Luis Castaño8, Miguel Catalá7, Josep Franch9, Sonia Gaztambide8, Juan Girbés10, Albert Goday11, Ramón Gomis12, Alfonso López-Alba13, María Teresa Martínez-Larrad14, Inmaculada Mora-Peces15, Emilio Ortega12, Gemma Rojo-Martínez16, Manuel Serrano-Ríos14, Inés Urrutia8, Sergio Valdés16, José Antonio Vázquez17, Joan Vendrell18, Federico Soriguer16. 1. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. Electronic address: edelangot@gmail.com. 2. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. 3. Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. 4. Centro de Salud de Vallobín, Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. 5. Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. 6. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. 7. Servicio de Medicina y Endocrinología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Valencia, Spain. 8. Grupo de Investigación en Diabetes, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, UPV-EHU, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), San Vicente de Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain. 9. Atención Primaria, EAP Raval Sud, Institut Català de la Salut, Red GEDAPS, Unitat de Suport a la Recerca (IDIAP-Fundació Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain. 10. Unidad de Diabetes, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Valencia, Spain. 11. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. 12. Unidad de Diabetes y Endocrinología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain. 13. Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Asturias, Spain. 14. Laboratorio de Lípidos y Diabetes, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain. 15. Servicio Normalizado de Urgencias de La Laguna, Atención Primaria, Servicio Canario de Salud, Sta. Cruz de Tenerife, Spain. 16. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya (IBIMA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Málaga, Spain. 17. Plan Nacional de Diabetes, Ministerio de Salud, Madrid, Spain. 18. Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigacions Sanitàries Pere Virgili, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Tarragona, Spain.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Di@bet.es is a national study designed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish adult population. The prevalence of hypertension and the degree to which it is recognized, treated, and controlled are described. METHODS: The study included a sample of the Spanish population with 5048 adults aged ≥ 18 years. Patients were questioned and examined, with 3 blood pressure readings while seated and at rest to calculate the mean of the 3 readings. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and/or prescription for antihypertensive drug therapy. RESULTS: Hypertension was found in 42.6% of the Spanish adult population aged ≥ 18 years and was more common among men (49.9%) than women (37.1%). The prevalence was higher among prediabetics (67.9%) and diabetics (79.4%). Undiagnosed hypertension was identified in 37.4% of patients and was more common in men (43.3%) than in women (31.5%). Among patients with known hypertension, 88.3% were receiving drug therapy. Well-controlled blood pressure was found in only 30% and was more common among women (24.9%) than men (16%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hypertension in Spain is high, and a considerable percentage of hypertensive patients have still not been diagnosed. Hypertension is associated with diabetes and prediabetes, and although drug therapy is increasingly common, the degree of control has not improved and remains low. Population campaigns should be developed and promoted for hypertension prevention, detection, and treatment.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Di@bet.es is a national study designed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular risk factors in the Spanish adult population. The prevalence of hypertension and the degree to which it is recognized, treated, and controlled are described. METHODS: The study included a sample of the Spanish population with 5048 adults aged ≥ 18 years. Patients were questioned and examined, with 3 blood pressure readings while seated and at rest to calculate the mean of the 3 readings. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and/or prescription for antihypertensive drug therapy. RESULTS:Hypertension was found in 42.6% of the Spanish adult population aged ≥ 18 years and was more common among men (49.9%) than women (37.1%). The prevalence was higher among prediabetics (67.9%) and diabetics (79.4%). Undiagnosed hypertension was identified in 37.4% of patients and was more common in men (43.3%) than in women (31.5%). Among patients with known hypertension, 88.3% were receiving drug therapy. Well-controlled blood pressure was found in only 30% and was more common among women (24.9%) than men (16%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hypertension in Spain is high, and a considerable percentage of hypertensivepatients have still not been diagnosed. Hypertension is associated with diabetes and prediabetes, and although drug therapy is increasingly common, the degree of control has not improved and remains low. Population campaigns should be developed and promoted for hypertension prevention, detection, and treatment.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus; Epidemiología de la hipertensión; España; Hypertension epidemiology; Hypertension treatment; Prediabetes; Spain; Tratamiento de la hipertensión
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