Idah Mweene-Ndumba1, Seter Siziya2, Mwaka Monze3, Mazyanga L Mazaba1, Freddie Masaninga4, Peter Songolo4, Peter Mwaba5, Olusegun A Babaniyi6. 1. Immunization, Vaccines and Emergencies, World Health Organization Country Office, Lusaka, Zambia; Pathology and Microbiology Department, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. 2. Clinical Sciences Department, School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia; Public Health Department, University Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia. 3. Pathology and Microbiology Department, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia. 4. Diseases Prevention and Control, World Health Organization Country Office, Lusaka, Zambia. 5. Ministry of Home Affairs, Lusaka, Zambia. 6. Formerly of World Health Organization, Lusaka, Zambia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: West Nile Virus (WNV) infection has been reported worldwide, including in Africa but its existence in Zambia is unknown. Symptoms for the virus include headache, myalgia, arthralgia and rash. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of WNV and its correlates. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted in North-Western and Western provinces of Zambia. Samples were subjected to IgG and IgM antibodies testing against WNV. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine magnitudes of association. RESULTS: A total of 3,625 of persons participated in the survey out of which 10.3% had WNV infection. Farmers were 20% (AOR=0.80; 95% CI [0.64, 0.99]) less likely to have infection compared to students. Meanwhile participants who lived in grass roofed houses were 2.97 (AOR=2.97; 95% CI [1.81, 4.88]) times more likely to be infected than those who lived in asbestos roofed houses. IRS was associated with reduced risk of infection (AOR=0.81; 95% CI [0.69, 0.94]). Travelling to Angola was associated with the infection [AOR=1.40; 95% CI [1.09, 1.81]. CONCLUSION: Spraying houses with insecticide residual spray would minimize mosquito-man contact. Furthermore, surveillance at the border with Angola should be enhanced in order to reduce importation of the virus into the country.
BACKGROUND: West Nile Virus (WNV) infection has been reported worldwide, including in Africa but its existence in Zambia is unknown. Symptoms for the virus include headache, myalgia, arthralgia and rash. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of WNV and its correlates. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted in North-Western and Western provinces of Zambia. Samples were subjected to IgG and IgM antibodies testing against WNV. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine magnitudes of association. RESULTS: A total of 3,625 of persons participated in the survey out of which 10.3% had WNV infection. Farmers were 20% (AOR=0.80; 95% CI [0.64, 0.99]) less likely to have infection compared to students. Meanwhile participants who lived in grass roofed houses were 2.97 (AOR=2.97; 95% CI [1.81, 4.88]) times more likely to be infected than those who lived in asbestos roofed houses. IRS was associated with reduced risk of infection (AOR=0.81; 95% CI [0.69, 0.94]). Travelling to Angola was associated with the infection [AOR=1.40; 95% CI [1.09, 1.81]. CONCLUSION: Spraying houses with insecticide residual spray would minimize mosquito-man contact. Furthermore, surveillance at the border with Angola should be enhanced in order to reduce importation of the virus into the country.
Entities:
Keywords:
North-Western province; Seroprevalence; West Wile Virus; Western province; Zambia
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