Janet L Oblinger1, Sarah S Burns1, Elena M Akhmametyeva1, Jie Huang1, Li Pan1, Yulin Ren1, Rulong Shen1, Beth Miles-Markley1, Aaron C Moberly1, A Douglas Kinghorn1, D Bradley Welling1, Long-Sheng Chang2. 1. Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.). 2. Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, E.M.A, J.H., L.-S.C.); Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (J.L.O, S.S.B, B.M.M, A.C.M, D.B.W, L.-S.C.); Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio (R.S., L.-S.C.); Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (L.P., Y.R., A.D.K.) lchang@chi.osu.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex plays a pivotal role in protein translation initiation; however, its importance in malignant and benign Schwann cell tumors has not been explored, and whether blocking eIF4F function is effective for treating these tumors is not known. METHODS: Immunostaining was performed on human malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and vestibular schwannomas (VSs) for eIF4F components. The role of eIF4A and eIF4E in cell growth was assessed by RNA interference. Various natural compounds were screened for their growth-inhibitory activity. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to characterize the action of silvestrol, and its antitumor activity was verified in orthotopic mouse models. RESULTS: MPNSTs and VSs frequently overexpressed eIF4A, eIF4E, and/or eIF4G. Depletion of eIF4A1, eIF4A2, and eIF4E substantially reduced MPNST cell growth. From screening a panel of plant-derived compounds, the eIF4A inhibitor silvestrol was identified as a leading agent with nanomolar IC50 values in MPNST and VS cells. Silvestrol induced G2/M arrest in both NF1-deficient and NF1-expressing MPNST cells and primary VS cells. Silvestrol consistently decreased the levels of multiple cyclins, Aurora A, and mitogenic kinases AKT and ERKs. Silvestrol treatment dramatically suppressed tumor growth in mouse models for NF1(-/-) MPNST and Nf2(-/-) schwannoma. This decreased tumor growth was accompanied by elevated phospho-histone H3 and TUNEL labeling, consistent with G2/M arrest and apoptosis in silvestrol-treated tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: The eIF4F complex is a potential therapeutic target in MPNSTs and VS, and silvestrol may be a promising agent for treating these tumors.
BACKGROUND: The eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex plays a pivotal role in protein translation initiation; however, its importance in malignant and benign Schwann cell tumors has not been explored, and whether blocking eIF4F function is effective for treating these tumors is not known. METHODS: Immunostaining was performed on humanmalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and vestibular schwannomas (VSs) for eIF4F components. The role of eIF4A and eIF4E in cell growth was assessed by RNA interference. Various natural compounds were screened for their growth-inhibitory activity. Flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to characterize the action of silvestrol, and its antitumor activity was verified in orthotopic mouse models. RESULTS: MPNSTs and VSs frequently overexpressed eIF4A, eIF4E, and/or eIF4G. Depletion of eIF4A1, eIF4A2, and eIF4E substantially reduced MPNST cell growth. From screening a panel of plant-derived compounds, the eIF4A inhibitor silvestrol was identified as a leading agent with nanomolar IC50 values in MPNST and VS cells. Silvestrol induced G2/M arrest in both NF1-deficient and NF1-expressing MPNST cells and primary VS cells. Silvestrol consistently decreased the levels of multiple cyclins, Aurora A, and mitogenic kinases AKT and ERKs. Silvestrol treatment dramatically suppressed tumor growth in mouse models for NF1(-/-) MPNST and Nf2(-/-) schwannoma. This decreased tumor growth was accompanied by elevated phospho-histone H3 and TUNEL labeling, consistent with G2/M arrest and apoptosis in silvestrol-treated tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS: The eIF4F complex is a potential therapeutic target in MPNSTs and VS, and silvestrol may be a promising agent for treating these tumors.
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