| Literature DB >> 26910548 |
Laura Augusta Barufaldi1, Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu2, Juliana Souza Oliveira3, Debora França dos Santos2, Elizabeth Fujimori4, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos5, Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos6, Bruno Mendes Tavares7.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of eating habits considered healthy in adolescents according to sex, age, education level of the mother, school type, session of study, and geographic region. METHODS The assessed data come from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, national and school-based study. Adolescents of 1,247 schools of 124 Brazilian municipalities were evaluated using a self-administered questionnaire with a section on aspects related to eating behaviors. The following eating behaviors were considered healthy: consuming breakfast, drinking water, and having meals accompanied by parents or legal guardians. All prevalence estimates were presented proportionally, with their respective 95% confidence intervals. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences in healthy eating habits prevalences according to other variables. The module survey of the Stata program version 13.0 was used to analyze complex data. RESULTS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents (72.9% of the eligible students). Of these, 55.2% were female, average age being 14.6 years (SD = 1.6). Among Brazilian adolescents, approximately half of them showed healthy eating habits when consuming breakfast, drinking five or more glasses of water a day, and having meals with parents or legal guardians. All analyzed healthy eating habits showed statistically significant differences by sex, age, type of school, session of study, or geographic region . CONCLUSIONS We suggest that specific actions of intersectoral approach are implemented for the dissemination of the benefits of healthy eating habits. Older female adolescents (15 to 17 years old) who studied in public schools, resided in the Southeast region, and whose mothers had lower education levels, should be the focus of these actions since they present lower frequencies concerning the evaluated healthy habits.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2016 PMID: 26910548 PMCID: PMC4766945 DOI: 10.1590/S01518-8787.2016050006678
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Saude Publica ISSN: 0034-8910 Impact factor: 2.106
Prevalence of meals with their parents or legal guardians in Brazilian adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years, considering complex sampling. ERICA, 2013-2014. (N = 74,589)
| Variable | Prevalences | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Never | Sometimes | Often/always | ||||
|
|
|
| ||||
| % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | |
| Sex* | ||||||
| Female | 7.9 | 7.3-8.5 | 26.7 | 25.6-27.8 | 65.4 | 64.2-66.6 |
| Male | 6.9 | 6.3-7.6 | 22.4 | 21.5-23.5 | 70.6 | 69.3-71.9 |
| Age (years)* | ||||||
| 12-14 | 5.7 | 5.1-6.4 | 21.6 | 20.7-22.5 | 72.7 | 71.3-74.0 |
| 15-17 | 9.3 | 8.6-9.9 | 27.9 | 26.8-28.9 | 62.9 | 61.6-64.1 |
| Education level of the mother | ||||||
| Incomplete high school | 7.5 | 6.6-8.5 | 25.5 | 24.1-27.0 | 67.0 | 64.9-69.0 |
| Complete high school or more | 7.2 | 6.4-7.9 | 22.4 | 21.2-23.7 | 70.5 | 68.8-72.0 |
| Type of school* | ||||||
| Public | 7.5 | 7.0-8.1 | 25.3 | 24.5-26.1 | 67.2 | 66.1-68.2 |
| Private | 6.7 | 5.3-8.4 | 21.1 | 19.2-23.2 | 72.2 | 69.1-75.1 |
| Session of study | ||||||
| Morning | 7.4 | 6.8-8.1 | 24.6 | 23.7-25.7 | 67.9 | 66.5-69.3 |
| Afternoon | 7.3 | 6.6-8.1 | 24.3 | 22.9-25.8 | 68.3 | 66.6-70.0 |
| Geographical region* | ||||||
| North | 6.9 | 6.4-7.4 | 25.3 | 24.3-26.3 | 67.8 | 66.7-68.9 |
| Northeast | 8.6 | 7.7-9.5 | 29.2 | 27.8-30.6 | 62.3 | 60.6-63.9 |
| Midwest | 7.0 | 6.1-8.1 | 21.2 | 19.8-22.5 | 71.8 | 70.2-73.1 |
| Southeast | 7.4 | 6.6-8.3 | 24.8 | 23.5-26.2 | 67.8 | 65.9-69.6 |
| South | 5.8 | 4.9-6.7 | 16.9 | 15.6-18.2 | 77.3 | 75.9-78.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Total | 7.4 | 6.9-7.9 | 24.6 | 23.8-25.3 | 68.0 | 67.0-69.0 |
* Statistically significant difference – Chi-square test.
Prevalence of breakfast consumption in Brazilian adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years, considering complex sampling. ERICA, 2013-2014. (N = 74,589)
| Variable | Prevalence | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Never | Sometimes | Often/Always | ||||
|
|
|
| ||||
| % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | |
| Sex* | ||||||
| Female | 25.8 | 24.5-27.2 | 31.8 | 30.7-33.0 | 42.3 | 40.6-44.0 |
| Male | 18.2 | 17.0-19.4 | 27.2 | 26.2-28.3 | 54.6 | 53.1-56.1 |
| Age (years)* | ||||||
| 12-14 | 20.1 | 18.8-21.6 | 28.3 | 27.0-29.5 | 51.6 | 50.0-53.1 |
| 15-17 | 24.0 | 22.5-25.7 | 30.9 | 29.6-32.3 | 45.0 | 42.7-47.4 |
| Education level of the mother | ||||||
| Incomplete high school | 21.9 | 20.6-23.3 | 30.3 | 28.8-31.8 | 47.8 | 45.7-49.9 |
| Complete high school or more | 20.9 | 19.8-21.9 | 27.7 | 26.4-29.0 | 51.5 | 50.1-52.8 |
| Type of school* | ||||||
| Public | 21.9 | 20.7-23.1 | 30.9 | 30.0-31.9 | 47.2 | 45.5-48.9 |
| Private | 22.5 | 20.4-24.9 | 22.8 | 20.7-25.1 | 54.6 | 51.9-57.3 |
| Session of study | ||||||
| Morning | 26.4 | 25.3-27.7 | 30.3 | 29.0-31.7 | 43.2 | 41.3-45.1 |
| Afternoon | 12.2 | 11.2-13.3 | 27.7 | 26.6-28.9 | 60.0 | 58.2-61.8 |
| Geographical region* | ||||||
| North | 13.7 | 12.6-15.0 | 25.5 | 24.2-26.8 | 60.8 | 58.6-62.9 |
| Northeast | 18.2 | 16.3-20.2 | 27.2 | 25.7-28.6 | 54.7 | 52.5-56.8 |
| Midwest | 22.3 | 20.2-24.6 | 35.2 | 32.9-37.5 | 42.6 | 40.1-45.1 |
| Southeast | 23.2 | 21.4-25.2 | 30.0 | 28.5-31.6 | 46.7 | 44.2-49.2 |
| South | 29.1 | 26.9-31.4 | 30.8 | 28.6-33.0 | 40.1 | 36.7-43.6 |
|
| ||||||
| Total | 21.9 | 20.9-23.1 | 29.5 | 28.6-30.4 | 48.5 | 47.0-49.9 |
* Statistically significant difference – Chi-square Test.
Prevalence of daily water intake in Brazilian adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years, considering complex sampling. ERICA, 2013-2014. (N = 74,589)
| Variable | Prevalence | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| I do not drink water | 1 to 2 glasses | 3 to 4 glasses | 5 or more glasses | |||||
|
|
|
|
| |||||
| % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | % | 95%CI | |
| Sex* | ||||||||
| Female | 2.3 | 1.9-2.6 | 24.0 | 22.8-25.3 | 33.1 | 31.9-34.2 | 40.6 | 39.2-42.0 |
| Male | 0.9 | 0.7-1.0 | 13.9 | 12.8-15.0 | 29.5 | 28.2-30.8 | 55.7 | 53.9-57.5 |
| Age (years)* | ||||||||
| 12-14 | 1.4 | 1.1-1.6 | 17.8 | 16.9-18.6 | 30.7 | 29.7-31.7 | 50.1 | 48.9-51.4 |
| 15-17 | 1.8 | 1.5-2.1 | 20.2 | 18.9-21.6 | 31.9 | 30.6-33.3 | 46.0 | 44.2-47.9 |
| Education level of the mother | ||||||||
| Incomplete high school | 1.5 | 1.2-1.8 | 18.9 | 17.4-20.5 | 32.0 | 30.7-33.3 | 47.6 | 45.9-49.5 |
| Complete high school or more | 1.4 | 1.2-1.8 | 17.2 | 16.1-18.3 | 30.9 | 30.5-33.2 | 49.5 | 47.8-51.2 |
| Type of school* | ||||||||
| Public | 1.6 | 1.4-1.8 | 19.3 | 18.3-20.3 | 30.8 | 29.8-31.8 | 48.4 | 47.0-49.7 |
| Private | 1.5 | 0.99-2.2 | 17.4 | 15.6-19.4 | 33.7 | 31.7-35.8 | 47.4 | 44.1-50.7 |
| Session of study | ||||||||
| Morning | 1.7 | 1.4-1.9 | 19.2 | 18.2-20.3 | 31.7 | 30.6-32.9 | 47.4 | 45.9-48.8 |
| Afternoon | 1.4 | 1.1-1.7 | 18.3 | 16.9-19.8 | 30.3 | 28.8-31.7 | 50.0 | 47.8-52.2 |
| Geographical region* | ||||||||
| North | 0.3 | 0.2-0.4 | 8.9 | 8.3-9.7 | 25.1 | 24.1-26.1 | 65.7 | 64.6-66.8 |
| Northeast | 0.5 | 0.3-0.6 | 12.7 | 11.2-14.3 | 29.8 | 27.5-32.2 | 57.0 | 53.7-60.3 |
| Midwest | 0.9 | 0.6-1.2 | 1.9 | 14.1-17.3 | 31.0 | 29.7-32.4 | 52.5 | 50.4-54.6 |
| Southeast | 1.8 | 1.5-2.1 | 21.2 | 19.8-22.6 | 33.1 | 31.7-34.5 | 43.9 | 42.1-45.8 |
| South | 4.1 | 3.2-5.2 | 30.0 | 27.8-32.3 | 30.7 | 28.9-32.6 | 35.1 | 33.5-36.8 |
|
| ||||||||
| Total | 1.6 | 1.4-1.8 | 18.9 | 18.1-19.8 | 31.3 | 30.4-32.2 | 48.2 | 47.0-49.4 |
* Statistically significant difference – Chi-square test.
Prevalência de realização de refeições com os pais ou responsáveis nos adolescentes brasileiros de 12 a 17 anos, considerando amostragem complexa. ERICA, 2013-2014. (N = 74.589)
| Variável | Prevalência | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Nunca | Às vezes | Quase sempre/Sempre | ||||
|
|
|
| ||||
| % | IC95% | % | IC95% | % | IC95% | |
| Sexo* | ||||||
| Feminino | 7,9 | 7,3-8,5 | 26,7 | 25,6-27,8 | 65,4 | 64,2-66,6 |
| Masculino | 6,9 | 6,3-7,6 | 22,4 | 21,5-23,5 | 70,6 | 69,3-71,9 |
| Idade (anos)* | ||||||
| 12-14 | 5,7 | 5,1-6,4 | 21,6 | 20,7-22,5 | 72,7 | 71,3-74,0 |
| 15-17 | 9,3 | 8,6-9,9 | 27,9 | 26,8-28,9 | 62,9 | 61,6-64,1 |
| Escolaridade da mãe* | ||||||
| Até ensino médio incompleto | 7,5 | 6,6-8,5 | 25,5 | 24,1-27,0 | 67,0 | 64,9-69,0 |
| Ensino médio completo ou mais | 7,2 | 6,4-7,9 | 22,4 | 21,2-23,7 | 70,5 | 68,8-72,0 |
| Tipo de escola* | ||||||
| Pública | 7,5 | 7,0-8,1 | 25,3 | 24,5-26,1 | 67,2 | 66,1-68,2 |
| Privada | 6,7 | 5,3-8,4 | 21,1 | 19,2-23,2 | 72,2 | 69,1-75,1 |
| Turno de estudo | ||||||
| Manhã | 7,4 | 6,8-8,1 | 24,6 | 23,7-25,7 | 67,9 | 66,5-69,3 |
| Tarde | 7,3 | 6,6-8,1 | 24,3 | 22,9-25,8 | 68,3 | 66,6-70,0 |
| Região geográfica* | ||||||
| Norte | 6,9 | 6,4-7,4 | 25,3 | 24,3-26,3 | 67,8 | 66,7-68,9 |
| Nordeste | 8,6 | 7,7-9,5 | 29,2 | 27,8-30,6 | 62,3 | 60,6-63,9 |
| Centro-Oeste | 7,0 | 6,1-8,1 | 21,2 | 19,8-22,5 | 71,8 | 70,2-73,1 |
| Sudeste | 7,4 | 6,6-8,3 | 24,8 | 23,5-26,2 | 67,8 | 65,9-69,6 |
| Sul | 5,8 | 4,9-6,7 | 16,9 | 15,6-18,2 | 77,3 | 75,9-78,6 |
|
| ||||||
| Total | 7,4 | 6,9-7,9 | 24,6 | 23,8-25,3 | 68,0 | 67,0-69,0 |
* Diferença estatisticamente significativa – Teste Qui-quadrado.
Prevalência de consumo de café da manhã nos adolescentes brasileiros de 12 a 17 anos, considerando amostragem complexa. ERICA, 2013-2014. (N = 74.589)
| Variável | Prevalência | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Nunca | Às vezes | Quase sempre/Sempre | ||||
|
|
|
| ||||
| % | IC95% | % | IC95% | % | IC95% | |
| Sexo* | ||||||
| Feminino | 25,8 | 24,5-27,2 | 31,8 | 30,7-33,0 | 42,3 | 40,6-44,0 |
| Masculino | 18,2 | 17,0-19,4 | 27,2 | 26,2-28,3 | 54,6 | 53,1-56,1 |
| Idade (anos)* | ||||||
| 12-14 anos | 20,1 | 18,8-21,6 | 28,3 | 27,0-29,5 | 51,6 | 50,0-53,1 |
| 15-17 anos | 24,0 | 22,5-25,7 | 30,9 | 29,6-32,3 | 45,0 | 42,7-47,4 |
| Escolaridade da mãe* | ||||||
| Até ensino médio incompleto | 21,9 | 20,6-23,3 | 30,3 | 28,8-31,8 | 47,8 | 45,7-49,9 |
| Ensino médio completo ou mais | 20,9 | 19,8-21,9 | 27,7 | 26,4-29,0 | 51,5 | 50,1-52,8 |
| Tipo de escola* | ||||||
| Pública | 21,9 | 20,7-23,1 | 30,9 | 30,0-31,9 | 47,2 | 45,5-48,9 |
| Privada | 22,5 | 20,4-24,9 | 22,8 | 20,7-25,1 | 54,6 | 51,9-57,3 |
| Turno de estudo* | ||||||
| Manhã | 26,4 | 25,3-27,7 | 30,3 | 29,0-31,7 | 43,2 | 41,3-45,1 |
| Tarde | 12,2 | 11,2-13,3 | 27,7 | 26,6-28,9 | 60,0 | 58,2-61,8 |
| Região geográfica* | ||||||
| Norte | 13,7 | 12,6-15,0 | 25,5 | 24,2-26,8 | 60,8 | 58,6-62,9 |
| Nordeste | 18,2 | 16,3-20,2 | 27,2 | 25,7-28,6 | 54,7 | 52,5-56,8 |
| Centro-Oeste | 22,3 | 20,2-24,6 | 35,2 | 32,9-37,5 | 42,6 | 40,1-45,1 |
| Sudeste | 23,2 | 21,4-25,2 | 30,0 | 28,5-31,6 | 46,7 | 44,2-49,2 |
| Sul | 29,1 | 26,9-31,4 | 30,8 | 28,6-33,0 | 40,1 | 36,7-43,6 |
|
| ||||||
| Total | 21,9 | 20,9-23,1 | 29,5 | 28,6-30,4 | 48,5 | 47,0-49,9 |
* Diferença estatisticamente significativa – Teste Qui-quadrado.
Prevalência do consumo diário de água nos adolescentes brasileiros de 12 a 17 anos, considerando amostragem complexa. ERICA, 2013-2014. (N = 74.589)
| Variável | Prevalência | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Não bebe | 1 a 2 copos | 3 a 4 copos | 5 ou mais copos | |||||
|
|
|
|
| |||||
| % | IC95% | % | IC95% | % | IC95% | % | IC95% | |
| Sexo* | ||||||||
| Feminino | 2,3 | 1,9-2,6 | 24,0 | 22,8-25,3 | 33,1 | 31,9-34,2 | 40,6 | 39,2-42,0 |
| Masculino | 0,9 | 0,7-1,0 | 13,9 | 12,8-15,0 | 29,5 | 28,2-30,8 | 55,7 | 53,9-57,5 |
| Idade (anos)* | ||||||||
| 12-14 anos | 1,4 | 1,1-1,6 | 17,8 | 16,9-18,6 | 30,7 | 29,7-31,7 | 50,1 | 48,9-51,4 |
| 15-17 anos | 1,8 | 1,5-2,1 | 20,2 | 18,9-21,6 | 31,9 | 30,6-33,3 | 46,0 | 44,2-47,9 |
| Escolaridade da mãe | ||||||||
| Até ensino médio incompleto | 1,5 | 1,2-1,8 | 18,9 | 17,4-20,5 | 32,0 | 30,7-33,3 | 47,6 | 45,9-49,5 |
| Ensino médio completo ou mais | 1,4 | 1,2-1,8 | 17,2 | 16,1-18,3 | 30,9 | 30,5-33,2 | 49,5 | 47,8-51,2 |
| Tipo de escola | ||||||||
| Pública | 1,6 | 1,4-1,8 | 19,3 | 18,3-20,3 | 30,8 | 29,8-31,8 | 48,4 | 47,0-49,7 |
| Privada | 1,5 | 0,99-2,2 | 17,4 | 15,6-19,4 | 33,7 | 31,7-35,8 | 47,4 | 44,1-50,7 |
| Turno de estudo | ||||||||
| Manhã | 1,7 | 1,4-1,9 | 19,2 | 18,2-20,3 | 31,7 | 30,6-32,9 | 47,4 | 45,9-48,8 |
| Tarde | 1,4 | 1,1-1,7 | 18,3 | 16,9-19,8 | 30,3 | 28,8-31,7 | 50,0 | 47,8-52,2 |
| Região geográfica* | ||||||||
| Norte | 0,3 | 0,2-0,4 | 8,9 | 8,3-9,7 | 25,1 | 24,1-26,1 | 65,7 | 64,6-66,8 |
| Nordeste | 0,5 | 0,3-0,6 | 12,7 | 11,2-14,3 | 29,8 | 27,5-32,2 | 57,0 | 53,7-60,3 |
| Centro-Oeste | 0,9 | 0,6-1,2 | 1,9 | 14,1-17,3 | 31,0 | 29,7-32,4 | 52,5 | 50,4-54,6 |
| Sudeste | 1,8 | 1,5-2,1 | 21,2 | 19,8-22,6 | 33,1 | 31,7-34,5 | 43,9 | 42,1-45,8 |
| Sul | 4,1 | 3,2-5,2 | 30,0 | 27,8-32,3 | 30,7 | 28,9-32,6 | 35,1 | 33,5-36,8 |
|
| ||||||||
| Total | 1,6 | 1,4-1,8 | 18,9 | 18,1-19,8 | 31,3 | 30,4-32,2 | 48,2 | 47,0-49,4 |
* Diferença estatisticamente significativa – Teste Qui-quadrado.