Liane Ginsburg1, Whitney Berta2, Jennifer Baumbusch3, Adrian Rohit Dass4, Audrey Laporte4, R Colin Reid5, Janet Squires6, Deanne Taylor7. 1. School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, Ontario. lgins@yorku.ca. 2. Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario. 3. School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 4. Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario. Canadian Centre for Health Economics, University of Toronto, Ontario. 5. School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna. 6. School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ontario. 7. Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, British Columbia.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Health care aides (HCAs) provide most direct care in long-term care (LTC) and home and community care (HCC) settings but are understudied. We validate three key work attitude measures to better understand HCAs' work experiences: work engagement (WEng), psychological empowerment (PE), and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB-O). DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were collected from 306 HCAs working in LTC and HCC, using survey items for WEng, PE, and OCB-O adapted for HCAs. Psychometric evaluation involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Predictive validity (correlations with measures of job satisfaction and turnover intention) and internal consistency reliability were examined. RESULTS: CFA supported a one-factor model of WEng, a four-factor model of PE, and a one-factor model of OCB-O. HCC workers scored higher than LTC workers on Self-determination (PE) and lower on Impact, demonstrating concurrent validity. WEng and PE correlated with worker outcomes (job satisfaction, turnover intention, and OCB-O), demonstrating predictive validity. Reliability and validity analyses indicated sound psychometric properties overall. IMPLICATIONS: Study results support psychometric properties of measures of WEng, PE, and OCB-O for HCAs. Knowledge of HCAs' work attitudes and behaviors can inform recruitment programs, incentive systems, and retention/training strategies for this vital group of care providers.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Health care aides (HCAs) provide most direct care in long-term care (LTC) and home and community care (HCC) settings but are understudied. We validate three key work attitude measures to better understand HCAs' work experiences: work engagement (WEng), psychological empowerment (PE), and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB-O). DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were collected from 306 HCAs working in LTC and HCC, using survey items for WEng, PE, and OCB-O adapted for HCAs. Psychometric evaluation involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Predictive validity (correlations with measures of job satisfaction and turnover intention) and internal consistency reliability were examined. RESULTS: CFA supported a one-factor model of WEng, a four-factor model of PE, and a one-factor model of OCB-O. HCC workers scored higher than LTC workers on Self-determination (PE) and lower on Impact, demonstrating concurrent validity. WEng and PE correlated with worker outcomes (job satisfaction, turnover intention, and OCB-O), demonstrating predictive validity. Reliability and validity analyses indicated sound psychometric properties overall. IMPLICATIONS: Study results support psychometric properties of measures of WEng, PE, and OCB-O for HCAs. Knowledge of HCAs' work attitudes and behaviors can inform recruitment programs, incentive systems, and retention/training strategies for this vital group of care providers.
Authors: Laura D Aloisio; Wendy A Gifford; Katherine S McGilton; Michelle Lalonde; Carole A Estabrooks; Janet E Squires Journal: BMC Health Serv Res Date: 2018-06-25 Impact factor: 2.655
Authors: Marcello Nonnis; Alessandro Lorenzo Mura; Fabrizio Scrima; Stefania Cuccu; Ferdinando Fornara Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-01-15 Impact factor: 3.390