I Blaas1, K Heinz1, P Würtinger2, A Türkcan3, C Tepeköylü1, M Grimm1, C Doppler1, K Danzl1, B Messner3, D Bernhard1. 1. Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, University Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. 2. Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (ZIMCL), Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. 3. Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Essentials Vein graft failure is the most frequent late onset complication of coronary artery bypass grafting. Cuff technique-based interposition mouse model including new anticoagulation regime was conducted. Early vein graft thrombi may serve as a niche for smooth muscle cell colonization. The focal character of early thrombi may form the basis for the asymmetry of intimal hyperplasia. SUMMARY: Background Autologous saphenous veins are widely used in coronary artery bypass grafting; however, 10 years after surgery, 40% of grafts are completely occluded, and another 30% show reduced blood flow. Objective In the past, the central processes and signaling pathways responsible for this loss of patency have been identified. However, one central finding in the process of graft failure is so far not understood: the asymmetric character of intimal hyperplasia. It was the goal of the present study to address this aspect. Methods By the use of a cuff technique-based vein interposition mouse model with a new anticoagulation regime, alterations in vein grafts were analyzed 1 h, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days and 21 days after reperfusion by means of immunolabeling, histochemistry, and high-resolution ultrasound. Results The novel and major finding of this study is that the vein graft thrombus may serve as a niche that is infiltrated and colonized by smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Fibroblast growth factor-1 and platelet-derived growth factor-B may be the SMC-attracting factors in the thrombus. The focal character of early thrombi may define the focal and asymmetric character of vein graft intimal hyperplasia. Conclusions Inhibiting the formation and reducing the size of early thrombi is an old concept for reducing vein graft failure. However, in light of the present new findings obtained under a clinic-like anticoagulation regime, early vein graft thrombus prevention/size reduction should be revisited in the prevention of graft failure.
UNLABELLED: Essentials Vein graft failure is the most frequent late onset complication of coronary artery bypass grafting. Cuff technique-based interposition mouse model including new anticoagulation regime was conducted. Early vein graft thrombi may serve as a niche for smooth muscle cell colonization. The focal character of early thrombi may form the basis for the asymmetry of intimal hyperplasia. SUMMARY: Background Autologous saphenous veins are widely used in coronary artery bypass grafting; however, 10 years after surgery, 40% of grafts are completely occluded, and another 30% show reduced blood flow. Objective In the past, the central processes and signaling pathways responsible for this loss of patency have been identified. However, one central finding in the process of graft failure is so far not understood: the asymmetric character of intimal hyperplasia. It was the goal of the present study to address this aspect. Methods By the use of a cuff technique-based vein interposition mouse model with a new anticoagulation regime, alterations in vein grafts were analyzed 1 h, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days and 21 days after reperfusion by means of immunolabeling, histochemistry, and high-resolution ultrasound. Results The novel and major finding of this study is that the vein graft thrombus may serve as a niche that is infiltrated and colonized by smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Fibroblast growth factor-1 and platelet-derived growth factor-B may be the SMC-attracting factors in the thrombus. The focal character of early thrombi may define the focal and asymmetric character of vein graft intimal hyperplasia. Conclusions Inhibiting the formation and reducing the size of early thrombi is an old concept for reducing vein graft failure. However, in light of the present new findings obtained under a clinic-like anticoagulation regime, early vein graft thrombus prevention/size reduction should be revisited in the prevention of graft failure.
Authors: James W Reinhardt; Juan de Dios Ruiz Rosado; Jenny C Barker; Yong-Ung Lee; Cameron A Best; Tai Yi; Qiang Zeng; Santiago Partida-Sanchez; Toshiharu Shinoka; Christopher K Breuer Journal: Regen Med Date: 2019-06-10 Impact factor: 3.806
Authors: Christian Doppler; Kathrin Arnhard; Julia Dumfarth; Katharina Heinz; Barbara Messner; Christian Stern; Therese Koal; Kristaps Klavins; Katarina Danzl; Florian Pitterl; Michael Grimm; Herbert Oberacher; David Bernhard Journal: PLoS One Date: 2017-05-03 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Giuseppe Cappellano; Evi M Morandi; Johannes Rainer; Philipp Grubwieser; Katharina Heinz; Dolores Wolfram; David Bernhard; Susanne Lobenwein; Gerhard Pierer; Christian Ploner Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2018-05-08 Impact factor: 5.923