Xiangxue Kong1, Lanying Nie2, Huijian Zhang3, Zhanglin Wang1, Qiang Ye4, Lei Tang1, Jianyi Li5, Wenhua Huang6. 1. Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medicine Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 2. Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 3. Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 4. Department of Radiology, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. 5. Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medicine Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: lijianyi@outlook.com. 6. Department of Anatomy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, School of Basic Medicine Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: hwh@fimmu.com.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hepatic segment anatomy is difficult for medical students to learn. Three-dimensional visualization (3DV) is a useful tool in anatomy teaching, but current models do not capture haptic qualities. However, three-dimensional printing (3DP) can produce highly accurate complex physical models. Therefore, in this study we aimed to develop a novel 3DP hepatic segment model and compare the teaching effectiveness of a 3DV model, a 3DP model, and a traditional anatomical atlas. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A healthy candidate (female, 50-years old) was recruited and scanned with computed tomography. After three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, the computed 3D images of the hepatic structures were obtained. The parenchyma model was divided into 8 hepatic segments to produce the 3DV hepatic segment model. The computed 3DP model was designed by removing the surrounding parenchyma and leaving the segmental partitions. Then, 6 experts evaluated the 3DV and 3DP models using a 5-point Likert scale. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the educational effectiveness of these models compared with that of the traditional anatomical atlas. RESULTS: The 3DP model successfully displayed the hepatic segment structures with partitions. All experts agreed or strongly agreed that the 3D models provided good realism for anatomical instruction, with no significant differences between the 3DV and 3DP models in each index (p > 0.05). Additionally, the teaching effects show that the 3DV and 3DP models were significantly better than traditional anatomical atlas in the first and second examinations (p < 0.05). Between the first and second examinations, only the traditional method group had significant declines (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: A novel 3DP hepatic segment model was successfully developed. Both the 3DV and 3DP models could improve anatomy teaching significantly.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: Hepatic segment anatomy is difficult for medical students to learn. Three-dimensional visualization (3DV) is a useful tool in anatomy teaching, but current models do not capture haptic qualities. However, three-dimensional printing (3DP) can produce highly accurate complex physical models. Therefore, in this study we aimed to develop a novel 3DP hepatic segment model and compare the teaching effectiveness of a 3DV model, a 3DP model, and a traditional anatomical atlas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A healthy candidate (female, 50-years old) was recruited and scanned with computed tomography. After three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, the computed 3D images of the hepatic structures were obtained. The parenchyma model was divided into 8 hepatic segments to produce the 3DV hepatic segment model. The computed 3DP model was designed by removing the surrounding parenchyma and leaving the segmental partitions. Then, 6 experts evaluated the 3DV and 3DP models using a 5-point Likert scale. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the educational effectiveness of these models compared with that of the traditional anatomical atlas. RESULTS: The 3DP model successfully displayed the hepatic segment structures with partitions. All experts agreed or strongly agreed that the 3D models provided good realism for anatomical instruction, with no significant differences between the 3DV and 3DP models in each index (p > 0.05). Additionally, the teaching effects show that the 3DV and 3DP models were significantly better than traditional anatomical atlas in the first and second examinations (p < 0.05). Between the first and second examinations, only the traditional method group had significant declines (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: A novel 3DP hepatic segment model was successfully developed. Both the 3DV and 3DP models could improve anatomy teaching significantly.
Authors: Andrea Ruzzenente; Laura Alaimo; Simone Conci; Mario De Bellis; Andrea Marchese; Andrea Ciangherotti; Tommaso Campagnaro; Alfredo Guglielmi Journal: Updates Surg Date: 2022-08-25