A F Fleisch1, H Luttmann-Gibson2, W Perng3, S L Rifas-Shiman4, B A Coull5, I Kloog6, P Koutrakis2, J D Schwartz2, A Zanobetti2, C S Mantzoros7, M W Gillman4,8, D R Gold2,9, E Oken4,8. 1. Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 2. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 3. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. 4. Obesity Prevention Program, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA. 5. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 6. Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. 7. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 8. Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 9. Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to traffic pollution has been associated with faster infant weight gain, but implications for cardiometabolic health in later childhood are unknown. METHODS: Among 1418 children in Project Viva, a Boston-area pre-birth cohort, we assessed anthropometric and biochemical parameters of cardiometabolic health in early (median age 3.3 years) and mid- (median age 7.7 years) childhood. We used spatiotemporal models to estimate prenatal and early life residential PM2.5 and black carbon exposure as well as traffic density and roadway proximity. We performed linear regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographics. RESULTS: Children whose mothers lived close to a major roadway at the time of delivery had higher markers of adverse cardiometabolic risk in early and mid-childhood. For example, total fat mass was 2.1 kg (95%CI: 0.8, 3.5) higher in mid-childhood for children of mothers who lived <50 m vs. ≥200 m from a major roadway. Black carbon exposure and traffic density were generally not associated with cardiometabolic parameters, and PM2.5 exposure during the year prior was paradoxically associated with improved cardiometabolic profile. CONCLUSIONS: Infants whose mothers lived close to a major roadway at the time of delivery may be at later risk for adverse cardiometabolic health.
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to traffic pollution has been associated with faster infantweight gain, but implications for cardiometabolic health in later childhood are unknown. METHODS: Among 1418 children in Project Viva, a Boston-area pre-birth cohort, we assessed anthropometric and biochemical parameters of cardiometabolic health in early (median age 3.3 years) and mid- (median age 7.7 years) childhood. We used spatiotemporal models to estimate prenatal and early life residential PM2.5 and black carbon exposure as well as traffic density and roadway proximity. We performed linear regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographics. RESULTS:Children whose mothers lived close to a major roadway at the time of delivery had higher markers of adverse cardiometabolic risk in early and mid-childhood. For example, total fat mass was 2.1 kg (95%CI: 0.8, 3.5) higher in mid-childhood for children of mothers who lived <50 m vs. ≥200 m from a major roadway. Black carbon exposure and traffic density were generally not associated with cardiometabolic parameters, and PM2.5 exposure during the year prior was paradoxically associated with improved cardiometabolic profile. CONCLUSIONS:Infants whose mothers lived close to a major roadway at the time of delivery may be at later risk for adverse cardiometabolic health.
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