T J Hazell1, S Gallo2, C A Vanstone3, S Agellon3, C Rodd4, H A Weiler3. 1. Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada. 2. Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, George Mason University, Fairfax, VI, USA. 3. School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada. 4. Winnipeg Children's Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The impact of vitamin D status on body composition is not well understood. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate how vitamin D supplementation in infancy affects body composition at 3 years of age. METHODS: Double-blind randomized trial of 132, 1-month-old healthy, breastfed infants randomly assigned to receiveoral vitamin D3 supplementsof 400, 800, 1200 or 1600 IU d-1 for 11 months. In the present analysis, 87 (66%) returned at 3 years of age. Body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS:Anthropometry, body composition, diet, activity and demographics were similar across dosage groups at 3 years. Mean25(OH)D concentration from 1 month to 3 years was higher (P < 0.001) in the 1200 IU group than 800 and 400 IU groups. Children with 25(OH)D concentrations above 75 nmol L-1 had lower fat mass (~450 g; P = 0.049). In multiple linear regression, mean 25(OH)D was associated with lean mass percent (β = 0.06; CI: 0.00, 0.12; P = 0.042), fat mass (β = -11.29; CI: -22.06, -0.52; P = 0.048) and body fat percent (β = -0.06; CI: -0.12, -0.01; P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: Higher vitamin D status from infancy through to 3 years of age associates with leaner body composition.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The impact of vitamin D status on body composition is not well understood. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate how vitamin D supplementation in infancy affects body composition at 3 years of age. METHODS: Double-blind randomized trial of 132, 1-month-old healthy, breastfed infants randomly assigned to receive oral vitamin D3 supplements of 400, 800, 1200 or 1600 IU d-1 for 11 months. In the present analysis, 87 (66%) returned at 3 years of age. Body composition was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Anthropometry, body composition, diet, activity and demographics were similar across dosage groups at 3 years. Mean 25(OH)D concentration from 1 month to 3 years was higher (P < 0.001) in the 1200 IU group than 800 and 400 IU groups. Children with 25(OH)D concentrations above 75 nmol L-1 had lower fat mass (~450 g; P = 0.049). In multiple linear regression, mean 25(OH)D was associated with lean mass percent (β = 0.06; CI: 0.00, 0.12; P = 0.042), fat mass (β = -11.29; CI: -22.06, -0.52; P = 0.048) and body fat percent (β = -0.06; CI: -0.12, -0.01; P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: Higher vitamin D status from infancy through to 3 years of age associates with leaner body composition.
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